Mitchell Diane C, Lawrence Frank R, Hartman Terryl J, Curran Julianne M
Diet Assessment Center, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 108 Chandlee, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 May;109(5):909-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.02.029.
The US Department of Agriculture's MyPyramid guidelines introduced a near doubling of the dietary recommendations for vegetables. These recommendations target specific subgroups of vegetables, including dry beans and peas. Dry beans and peas provide an array of nutrients and phytochemicals that have been shown to have beneficial health effects, yet consumption levels in the United States are quite low. Few studies have examined the influence of legume consumption on nutrient intakes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess nutrient and food group intakes of dry bean and pea consumers compared to nonconsumers. Dietary intake data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for adults aged > or =19 years was used. Results show that on any given day only 7.9% of adults are consuming dry beans and peas; Mexican Americans or other Hispanics are more likely to be consumers than nonconsumers. Consuming approximately (1/2) c dry beans or peas resulted in higher intakes of fiber, protein, folate, zinc, iron, and magnesium with lower intakes of saturated fat and total fat. These data support the specific recommendation for dry beans and peas as part of the overall vegetable recommendation. Increased consumption of dry beans and peas-economical and nutrient-rich foods-could improve the diet quality of Americans.
美国农业部的“我的金字塔”指南将蔬菜的膳食建议量提高了近一倍。这些建议针对特定的蔬菜亚组，包括干豆和豌豆。干豆和豌豆能提供一系列已被证明对健康有益的营养物质和植物化学物质，但在美国，其消费量相当低。很少有研究探讨食用豆类对营养摄入的影响。因此，本研究的目的是评估食用干豆和豌豆的人群与不食用者相比的营养和食物组摄入量。使用了1999 - 2002年全国健康和营养检查调查中19岁及以上成年人的膳食摄入数据。结果显示，在任何一天，只有7.9%的成年人食用干豆和豌豆；墨西哥裔美国人或其他西班牙裔比非西班牙裔更有可能食用。食用约半杯干豆或豌豆会使纤维、蛋白质、叶酸、锌、铁和镁的摄入量增加，同时饱和脂肪和总脂肪的摄入量降低。这些数据支持将干豆和豌豆作为总体蔬菜建议的一部分的具体建议。增加食用干豆和豌豆——经济且营养丰富的食物——可以改善美国人的饮食质量。
