Foreyt William J, Jenkins E J, Appleyard G D
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-7040, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2009 Apr;45(2):272-8. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-45.2.272.
Four domestic goats (Capra hircus) that were passing first-stage dorsal-spined larvae of Muellerius capillaris were copastured on a 0.82-ha pasture for 11 mo from May 2003 to April 2004 with seven Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) that were not passing dorsal-spined larvae. During the 11-mo experiment, two bighorn sheep died from pneumonia caused by Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica biotype A, serotype 2. The remaining five bighorn sheep and the four domestic goats remained healthy throughout the experiment. Muellerius larvae were detected from all domestic goats on a monthly basis throughout the experiment and were first detected from all five surviving bighorn sheep approximately 5 mo after the copasturing began. Once the bighorn sheep began passing Muellerius larvae, larvae were detected in low numbers from all bighorn sheep every month thereafter for the 6 mo the goats were still in the enclosure and continued to pass larvae for more than 3 yr after the goats were removed from the experiment. Six bighorn sheep in two similar enclosures that did not contain goats did not pass Muellerius larvae before, during, or after the experimental period. Results of this experiment indicate that M. capillaris from domestic goats is capable of infecting bighorn sheep when animals are copastured together on a common range.
2003年5月至2004年4月,将4只排出毛细缪勒线虫一期背刺幼虫的家山羊(Capra hircus)与7只未排出背刺幼虫的落基山大角羊(Ovis canadensis)在一块0.82公顷的牧场上混牧11个月。在为期11个月的实验中,2只大角羊死于由溶血曼氏杆菌(巴斯德氏菌)生物型A、血清型2引起的肺炎。在整个实验过程中,其余5只大角羊和4只家山羊保持健康。在整个实验过程中,每月都能从所有家山羊体内检测到毛细缪勒线虫幼虫,混牧开始约5个月后,首次从所有5只存活的大角羊体内检测到该幼虫。一旦大角羊开始排出毛细缪勒线虫幼虫,在山羊仍在围栏内的6个月里,此后每月都能从所有大角羊体内检测到少量幼虫,并且在山羊从实验中移除后,大角羊继续排出幼虫超过3年。在两个类似的、没有山羊的围栏中的6只大角羊,在实验期之前、期间或之后都未排出毛细缪勒线虫幼虫。该实验结果表明,当家畜在同一牧场混牧时,家山羊体内的毛细缪勒线虫能够感染大角羊。