Kao Kai-Ling C, Goodale Melvyn A
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Neuropsychologia. 2009 Oct;47(12):2454-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.016. Epub 2009 May 4.
This study investigated whether or not the simple detection of visual stimuli is better when those stimuli are presented on the hand than on other objects, and whether or not detection on other objects improves when people are trained to use them as tools. Participants performed a speeded visual detection task to targets presented on either side of their own left hand, a fake left hand, and a small garden rake. They were then trained to use either the fake hand or the rake as a tool with their left hand. Participants initially responded faster to stimuli projected onto their real hand than to stimuli presented on the fake hand or the tool, but they did not respond faster to stimuli on one side of the hand than on the other. After training, participants showed better detection of the visual stimuli presented on the object that they had been trained to use than they did for stimuli presented on the other object. Moreover, participants responded faster to stimuli presented on the upper side of the object that they had been trained to use than they did to stimuli on the other side. These findings demonstrate that an enhanced visual detection can be induced for stimuli presented on tools and other inanimate objects with training, suggesting that these objects have been incorporated into the body schema.
本研究调查了视觉刺激呈现在手上时，其简单检测是否比呈现在其他物体上时更好；以及当人们接受训练将其他物体用作工具时，对这些物体上刺激的检测是否会得到改善。参与者对呈现在自己左手、假左手和一把小园艺耙两侧的目标执行了一项快速视觉检测任务。然后，他们接受训练，用左手将假手或耙子用作工具。参与者最初对投射到其真实手上的刺激的反应比对呈现在假手或工具上的刺激的反应更快，但他们对一只手一侧的刺激的反应并不比对另一侧的刺激的反应更快。训练后，参与者对呈现在他们接受训练使用的物体上的视觉刺激的检测，比呈现在另一个物体上的刺激更好。此外，参与者对呈现在他们接受训练使用的物体上侧的刺激的反应比对另一侧的刺激的反应更快。这些发现表明，通过训练可以增强对呈现在工具和其他无生命物体上的刺激的视觉检测，这表明这些物体已被纳入身体图式。
