Virology Institute, Veterinary and Agricultural Science Research Centre, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, N. Repeto y Los Reseros S/N, CC25 (B1712WAA), Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Vet J. 2010 May;184(2):138-45. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.03.035. Epub 2009 May 5.
Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) is an alphaherpesvirus responsible for meningoencephalitis in young cattle and is closely antigenically and genetically related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). Both viruses have common aspects in their pathogenesis: (1) they infect epithelial cells at the portal of entry and (2) they establish a latent infection in the sensory nerve ganglia, i.e., the trigeminal ganglia. However, they have different neuroinvasion and neurovirulence capacities. Only in rare cases can BoHV-1 reach the brain of infected cattle. BoHV-5 infection induces different degrees of severity of neurological disease depending on both viral and host factors. Although a case of BoHV-5 associated disease in Europe and some outbreaks in USA and Australia have been reported, the current geographical distribution of BoHV-5 infection is mainly restricted to South America, especially Brazil and Argentina. This review focuses on the genomic characteristics, pathobiology and epidemiology of BoHV-5, in order to provide information on the possible basis of alphaherpesvirus neuropathogenesis.
牛疱疹病毒 5 型（BoHV-5）是一种α疱疹病毒，可引起幼牛的脑膜脑炎，与牛疱疹病毒 1 型（BoHV-1）在抗原性和遗传上密切相关。两种病毒在发病机制上有共同的方面：（1）它们在进入门户感染上皮细胞；（2）它们在感觉神经节（即三叉神经节）中建立潜伏感染。然而，它们具有不同的神经入侵和神经毒力能力。BoHV-1 很少能到达感染牛的大脑。BoHV-5 感染根据病毒和宿主因素的不同，引起不同程度的神经疾病严重程度。尽管在欧洲已经报道了一例与 BoHV-5 相关的疾病，以及在美国和澳大利亚的一些暴发，但 BoHV-5 感染的当前地理分布主要局限于南美洲，特别是巴西和阿根廷。本综述重点介绍了 BoHV-5 的基因组特征、发病机制和流行病学，以提供有关α疱疹病毒神经发病机制可能基础的信息。
