Nederkoorn Chantal, Baltus Marcus, Guerrieri Ramona, Wiers Reinout W
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 Sep;93(3):331-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.04.015. Epub 2009 May 3.
Poor response inhibition has been associated with a wide range of problem behaviours, including addictive behaviours, and could represent a general vulnerability factor. Standard tests of response inhibition have used neutral stimuli. Here we tested whether a deficit in response inhibition in heavy drinkers would be stronger for stimuli related to their problem (alcohol) or not. Response inhibition was assessed with a stop signal task, using four classes of pictures: alcohol-related, soft drinks, erotic (control appetitive categories) and neutral pictures. Participants were 32 heavy and 32 light drinkers. An equal amount of men and women were tested in both drinking groups, in view of recent studies reporting that response disinhibition may be most pronounced in heavy drinking women. Main results were first that no domain-specific differences in response inhibition were found in both groups. Second, heavy drinking females showed stronger response inhibition deficits than other groups. Results are discussed in light of a possible gender difference in response inhibition as a risk factor for addictive behaviours.
反应抑制能力差与一系列问题行为有关，包括成瘾行为，可能是一个普遍的脆弱因素。标准的反应抑制测试使用的是中性刺激。在这里，我们测试了重度饮酒者在与他们的问题（酒精）相关的刺激上，反应抑制缺陷是否会更明显。使用停止信号任务评估反应抑制能力，任务中使用四类图片：与酒精相关的、软饮料、色情（对照性的有吸引力类别）和中性图片。参与者包括32名重度饮酒者和32名轻度饮酒者。鉴于最近的研究报告称，反应抑制解除在重度饮酒女性中可能最为明显，两个饮酒组中测试的男性和女性数量相等。主要结果首先是两组在反应抑制方面均未发现特定领域的差异。其次，重度饮酒女性表现出比其他组更强的反应抑制缺陷。根据反应抑制方面可能存在的性别差异作为成瘾行为的风险因素对结果进行了讨论。
