Horvath Ari L
ICI Chemicals and Polymers Limited, The Heath, Runcorn, Cheshire, UK.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2009 Apr 27;9:255-71. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2009.27.
Hair is composed of proteins, lipids, water, and small amounts of trace elements. All proteins in animal and human bodies are built from permutations of amino acid molecules in a polypeptide string. The polypeptide chains of protein keratin are organized into filaments in hair cells. Hair is one of the most difficult proteins to digest or solubilize. Among the most common dissolving procedures for hair are acidic, alkaline, and enzymatic hydrolysis. For the analysis of hair, the solid samples are transferred by solubilization via digestion into a liquid phase. Small molecular solvents and molecules with hydrophobic groups appear to have higher affinity for hair. A good solvent attacks the disulfide bonds between cystine molecules and hydrates the hair shaft. Consequently, the hair becomes a jelly-like mass.
头发由蛋白质、脂质、水和少量微量元素组成。动物和人体中的所有蛋白质都是由多肽链中氨基酸分子的排列构成的。蛋白质角蛋白的多肽链在毛细胞中组织成细丝。头发是最难消化或溶解的蛋白质之一。头发最常见的溶解方法有酸性水解、碱性水解和酶水解。为了分析头发，通过消化将固体样品溶解转移到液相中。小分子溶剂和具有疏水基团的分子似乎对头发具有更高的亲和力。一种好的溶剂会攻击胱氨酸分子之间的二硫键并使发干水合。因此，头发变成胶状物质。
