Encarnacion Hector J, Parra Joshua, Mears Erick, Sadler Valerie
Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, Texas, USA.
Compend Contin Educ Vet. 2009 Mar;31(3):E8.
Vomiting is the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth, caused by humoral stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CRTZ) or neural stimulation of the emetic center. The CRTZ is activated and controlled by neurotransmitter manipulation at the receptor level. Clinical signs preceding vomiting may include ptyalism, tachycardia, depression, hiding, and yawning. Gastritis, gastrointestinal ulceration, pancreatitis, motion sickness, uremia, chemotherapy, and drug administration are common initiating causes of vomiting. This article reviews the anatomic and physiologic aspects of the vomiting reflex and its neurotransmitters, associated receptors, and rational management.
呕吐是胃内容物经口腔强力排出的过程，由化学感受器触发区（CRTZ）的体液刺激或催吐中枢的神经刺激引起。CRTZ通过受体水平的神经递质调控而被激活和控制。呕吐前的临床症状可能包括流涎、心动过速、抑郁、躲藏和打哈欠。胃炎、胃肠道溃疡、胰腺炎、晕动病、尿毒症、化疗及药物给药是呕吐常见的起始原因。本文综述了呕吐反射的解剖学和生理学方面及其神经递质、相关受体和合理管理。
