Savoia Elena, Testa Marcia A, Biddinger Paul D, Cadigan Rebecca O, Koh Howard, Campbell Paul, Stoto Michael A
Center for Public Health Preparedness, Division of Public Health Practice, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2009 Jan-Feb;124(1):138-48. doi: 10.1177/003335490912400117.
Improving the ability of local public health agencies to respond to large-scale emergencies is an ongoing challenge. Tabletop exercises can provide an opportunity for individuals and groups to practice coordination of emergency response and evaluate performance. The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable self-assessment performance measurement tool for tabletop exercise participants.
The study population comprised 179 public officials who attended three tabletop exercises in Massachusetts and Maine between September 2005 and November 2006. A 42-item questionnaire was developed to assess five public health functional capabilities: (1) leadership and management, (2) mass casualty care, (3) communication, (4) disease control and prevention, and (5) surveillance and epidemiology. Analyses were undertaken to examine internal consistency, associations among scales, the empirical structure of the items, and inter-rater agreement.
Thirty-seven questions were retained in the final questionnaire and grouped according to the original five domains. Alpha coefficients were 0.81 or higher for all scales. The five-factor solution from the principal components analysis accounted for 60% of the total variance, and the factor structure was consistent with the five domains of the original conceptual model. Inter-rater agreement ranged from good to excellent.
The resulting 37-item performance measurement tool was found to reliably measure public health functional capabilities in a tabletop exercise setting, with preliminary evidence of a factor structure consistent with the original conceptualization and of criterion-related validity.
提高地方公共卫生机构应对大规模突发事件的能力是一项持续的挑战。桌面演练可为个人和团体提供实践应急响应协调及评估绩效的机会。本研究的目的是为桌面演练参与者开发一种有效且可靠的自我评估绩效测量工具。
研究对象包括179名公职人员，他们于2005年9月至2006年11月期间在马萨诸塞州和缅因州参加了三次桌面演练。编制了一份包含42个条目的问卷，以评估五项公共卫生功能能力：（1）领导与管理，（2）大规模伤亡护理，（3）沟通，（4）疾病控制与预防，以及（5）监测与流行病学。进行分析以检验内部一致性、各量表之间的关联、条目的实证结构以及评分者间的一致性。
最终问卷保留了37个问题，并根据最初的五个领域进行了分组。所有量表的阿尔法系数均为0.81或更高。主成分分析得出的五因素解决方案解释了总方差的60%，且因素结构与原始概念模型的五个领域一致。评分者间的一致性从良好到优秀不等。
结果显示，所得到的37个条目的绩效测量工具能够在桌面演练环境中可靠地测量公共卫生功能能力，初步证据表明其因素结构与原始概念化一致且具有与标准相关的效度。
