Skårderud Finn, Sommerfeldt Bente
Avdeling for helse- og sosialfag, Høgskolen i Lillehammer, 2626 Lillehammer.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2009 Apr 30;129(9):877-81. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.08.0509.
The aim of this article is to give an overview over the associations between self-harm and eating disorders, and to present theoretical models to interpret such associations. Common phenomenological characteristics between these conditions are emphasized.
The article is based on a non-systematic literature search of Medline, PsychInfo and EMBASE (1985 - 2008) and the authors' own archive.
Empirical studies confirm a strong association between self-harm and eating disorders. Reported prevalence of self-harm among patients with eating disorders vary between 13 and 68 %. A higher prevalence has been reported for patients with bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa binge-type than among patients with anorexia nervosa restrictive type. Possible common factors are impulsivity, obsessive-compulsive traits, dissociation, negative self-evaluation, trauma, high conflict level in the family environment and sensitivity for cultural trends.
Self-harm and eating disorder represent disturbed regulation of affects, and both practices can be interpreted as attempts of active coping.
本文旨在概述自我伤害与饮食失调之间的关联，并提出理论模型来解释此类关联。强调了这些情况之间常见的现象学特征。
本文基于对Medline、PsychInfo和EMBASE（1985 - 2008年）的非系统性文献检索以及作者自己的存档资料。
实证研究证实自我伤害与饮食失调之间存在密切关联。饮食失调患者中自我伤害的报告患病率在13%至68%之间。神经性贪食症和神经性厌食症暴食型患者的自我伤害患病率高于神经性厌食症限制型患者。可能的共同因素包括冲动性、强迫性特质、解离、消极自我评价、创伤、家庭环境中的高冲突水平以及对文化潮流的敏感性。
自我伤害和饮食失调代表了情感调节的紊乱，这两种行为都可被解释为主动应对的尝试。
