Garab Gyozo, van Amerongen Herbert
Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary.
Photosynth Res. 2009 Aug-Sep;101(2-3):135-46. doi: 10.1007/s11120-009-9424-4. Epub 2009 May 6.
The efficiency of photosynthetic light energy conversion depends largely on the molecular architecture of the photosynthetic membranes. Linear- and circular-dichroism (LD and CD) studies have contributed significantly to our knowledge of the molecular organization of pigment systems at different levels of complexity, in pigment-protein complexes, supercomplexes, and their macroassemblies, as well as in entire membranes and membrane systems. Many examples show that LD and CD data are in good agreement with structural data; hence, these spectroscopic tools serve as the basis for linking the structure of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes to steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy. They are also indispensable for identifying conformations and interactions in native environments, and for monitoring reorganizations during photosynthetic functions, and are important in characterizing reconstituted and artificially constructed systems. This educational review explains, in simple terms, the basic physical principles, and theory and practice of LD and CD spectroscopies and of some related quantities in the areas of differential polarization spectroscopy and microscopy.
光合光能转换的效率在很大程度上取决于光合膜的分子结构。线性二色性和圆二色性（LD和CD）研究极大地增进了我们对色素系统在不同复杂程度下分子组织的认识，这些复杂程度涵盖色素 - 蛋白质复合物、超级复合物及其宏观组装体，以及整个膜和膜系统。许多实例表明，LD和CD数据与结构数据高度吻合；因此，这些光谱工具构成了将光合色素 - 蛋白质复合物的结构与稳态光谱和时间分辨光谱相联系的基础。它们对于识别天然环境中的构象和相互作用、监测光合功能过程中的重组也不可或缺，并且在表征重组和人工构建的系统方面具有重要意义。这篇教育性综述以简单的方式解释了LD和CD光谱学以及微分偏振光谱学和显微镜领域中一些相关量的基本物理原理、理论和实践。
