Diniz Lúcio Ricardo Leite, Santana Paula Carvalho, Ribeiro Ana Paula Araújo Ferreira, Portella Viviane Gomes, Pacheco Lílian Fernanda, Meyer Nádia Burkowski, César Isabela Costa, Cosenza Gustavo Pereira, Brandão Maria das Graças Lins, Vieira Maria Aparecida Ribeiro
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Jun 22;123(2):275-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.03.006. Epub 2009 Mar 20.
Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke is a plant used in Brazilian folk medicine to both prevent malaria and act as a depurative.
We have investigated the effects of an ethanol crude extract of roots of Ampelozizyphus amazonicus (CEAaD), a chemically characterized saponin mixture (SAPAaD), as well as a saponin-free fraction (SAPAaD-free) obtained from CEAaD on diuresis in rats.
Wistar rats under ad libitum water conditions or water deprivation for 12h prior to the start of the experiment were volume-expanded with 0.9% NaCl (4% body weight, by gavage) containing either CEAaD, SAPAaD, or SAPAaD-free at the doses indicated in the text. Rats were individually housed in metabolic cages, and urine volume was measured every 30 min throughout the experiment (3 h).
CEAaD increased urine volume in rats under conditions of both free access to water and under water deprivation. In the latter condition, CEAaD (150 mg/kg) increased the urine volume from zero to 0.9+/-0.1 ml/120 min, n=6). Similarly, the SAPAaD-free (50-200 mg/kg) mixture also increased the urine volume. In contrast, SAPAaD (12.5-1000 mg/kg) produced a significant reduction (p<0.01) in diuresis under conditions of both water deprivation and with free access to water prior to the start of the experiment.
Our data indicate that CEAaD contains compounds that cause both diuresis and antidiuresis and that the antidiuretic effect is due mainly to the presence of saponins.
亚马逊悬钩子（Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke）是一种在巴西民间医学中用于预防疟疾和作为净化剂的植物。
我们研究了亚马逊悬钩子根乙醇粗提物（CEAaD）、一种化学特征明确的皂苷混合物（SAPAaD）以及从CEAaD中获得的无皂苷馏分（无SAPAaD）对大鼠利尿作用的影响。
在实验开始前，将随意饮水条件下或禁水12小时的Wistar大鼠用含CEAaD、SAPAaD或无SAPAaD的0.9%氯化钠（4%体重，经口灌胃）进行容量扩张，剂量如文中所示。大鼠单独饲养在代谢笼中，在整个实验过程（3小时）中每隔30分钟测量尿量。
CEAaD在自由饮水和禁水条件下均增加了大鼠的尿量。在后一种条件下，CEAaD（150毫克/千克）使尿量从零增加到0.9±0.1毫升/120分钟，n = 6）。同样，无SAPAaD混合物（50 - 200毫克/千克）也增加了尿量。相比之下，在实验开始前的禁水和自由饮水条件下，SAPAaD（12.5 - 1000毫克/千克）均导致利尿作用显著降低（p < 0.01）。
我们的数据表明，CEAaD含有导致利尿和抗利尿的化合物，且抗利尿作用主要归因于皂苷的存在。
