Chen Dan-Qian, Feng Ya-Long, Tian Ting, Chen Hua, Yin Lu, Zhao Ying-Yong, Lin Rui-Chao
The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
The Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi׳an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Nov 18;157:114-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.022. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
Alismatis rhizoma or Alisma orientale (Zexie in Chinese), the dried rhizome of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk (Alismataceae), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and is used as an agent for diuresis and for excreting dampness in China and Japan. In this paper, we report the diuretic activities of the petroleum ether fraction, the ethyl acetate fraction, the n-buthanol fraction, and the remaining fraction, of the ethanol extract of Alismatis rhizoma (AR).
The single dose of the petroleum ether fraction, the ethyl acetate fraction, the n-buthanol fraction, and the remaining fraction, of the ethanol extract of AR were orally administered to rats. Urinary excretion rate, pH and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats.
In this study, the 100 and 400mg/kg doses of the ethyl acetate fraction and the 12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg doses of the n-butanol fraction all produced an increase in urine volume excretion, and all produced a remarkable increase in urine electrolyte excretion. Although the 800mg/kg doses of the ethyl acetate fraction, the 75 and 100mg/kg doses of the n-butanol fraction and the 12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg doses of the remaining fraction significantly decreased the urine output in 6h, the urine Na(+) and Cl(-) excretion were markedly decreased with the n-butanol fraction (75 and 100mg/kg doses) and the remaining fraction (12.5, 25 and 50mg/kg doses) while the ethyl acetate fraction at 800mg/kg doses had slight effect on urine electrolyte excretion. The petroleum ether fraction did not show remarkable diuretic activity in comparison with control group.
Our present study determined that the ethyl acetate fraction and the n-butanol fraction present notable diuretic effects, and we found a dual effect on renal function showed by AR, including promoting diuretic activity and inhibiting diuretic activity. The components with strong polarities in AR may have anti-diuretic activities, which might be an effect of promoting the sodium-chloride co-transporter in the distal tubule.
泽泻，即东方泽泻（中文名为泽泻）的干燥根茎，是一种著名的传统中药，在中国和日本被用作利尿剂和祛湿剂。在本文中，我们报道了泽泻乙醇提取物的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位及剩余部位的利尿活性。
将泽泻乙醇提取物的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位及剩余部位的单剂量分别口服给予大鼠。测定盐水负荷大鼠尿液中的尿排泄率、pH值和电解质排泄情况。
在本研究中，乙酸乙酯部位的100mg/kg和400mg/kg剂量以及正丁醇部位的12.5mg/kg、25mg/kg和50mg/kg剂量均使尿量排泄增加，且均使尿电解质排泄显著增加。虽然乙酸乙酯部位的800mg/kg剂量、正丁醇部位的75mg/kg和100mg/kg剂量以及剩余部位的12.5mg/kg、25mg/kg和50mg/kg剂量在6小时内显著降低了尿量，但正丁醇部位（75mg/kg和100mg/kg剂量）和剩余部位（12.5mg/kg、25mg/kg和50mg/kg剂量）使尿Na(+)和Cl(-)排泄明显减少，而800mg/kg剂量的乙酸乙酯部位对尿电解质排泄影响轻微。与对照组相比，石油醚部位未显示出显著的利尿活性。
我们目前的研究确定乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位具有显著的利尿作用，并且发现泽泻对肾功能具有双重作用，包括促进利尿活性和抑制利尿活性。泽泻中极性较强的成分可能具有抗利尿活性，这可能是促进远端小管中氯化钠共转运体作用的结果。
