Craddock Matt, Lawson Rebecca
School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2009 May;71(4):910-23. doi: 10.3758/APP.71.4.910.
Two experiments examined the effects of size changes on haptic object recognition. In Experiment 1, participants named one of three exemplars (a standard-size-and-shape, different-size, or different-shape exemplar) of 36 categories of real, familiar objects. They then performed an old/new recognition task on the basis of object identity for the standard exemplars of all 36 objects. Half of the participants performed both blocks visually; the other half performed both blocks haptically. The participants were able to efficiently name unusually sized objects haptically, consistent with previous findings of good recognition of small-scale models of stimuli (Lawson, in press). However, performance was impaired for both visual and haptic old/new recognition when objects changed size or shape between blocks. In Experiment 2, participants performed a short-term haptic shape-matching task using 3-D plastic models of familiar objects, and as in Experiment 1, a cost emerged for ignoring the irrelevant size change. Like its visual counterpart, haptic object recognition incurs a significant but modest cost for generalizing across size changes.
两项实验研究了尺寸变化对触觉物体识别的影响。在实验1中，参与者要说出36类真实、常见物体的三个样本（标准尺寸和形状、不同尺寸或不同形状的样本）之一的名称。然后，他们基于所有36个物体的标准样本的物体特征执行一项旧/新识别任务。一半参与者通过视觉完成两个阶段的任务；另一半通过触觉完成两个阶段的任务。参与者能够有效地通过触觉说出尺寸异常的物体的名称，这与之前对刺激的小规模模型的良好识别结果一致（劳森，即将出版）。然而，当物体在两个阶段之间改变尺寸或形状时，视觉和触觉的旧/新识别表现都会受到损害。在实验2中，参与者使用常见物体的3D塑料模型执行一项短期触觉形状匹配任务，并且与实验1一样，忽略不相关的尺寸变化会产生代价。与视觉对应情况一样，触觉物体识别在跨尺寸变化进行概括时会产生显著但适度的代价。
