Gupta Sanjay
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 325, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2009 May;19(2):149-60, Table of Contents. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2009.01.002.
Use of image-guidance allows safe and precise percutaneous placement of needles for various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the head and neck region. This review describes the anatomy relevant to safe-access route planning and the techniques, advantages, and limitations associated with various approaches used for percutaneous needle placement in different head and neck regions. Subzygomatic, retromandibular, paramaxillary, submastoid, transoral, and posterior approaches can be used for percutaneous access in the suprahyoid head and neck region, including skull base and upper cervical vertebrae. In the infrahyoid portion of the neck and for lower cervical vertebrae, access can be achieved via the anterolateral (between the airways and the carotid sheath), posterolateral (posterior to the carotid sheath), and direct posterior approaches.
图像引导的使用允许在头颈部区域安全、精确地经皮穿刺放置针，用于各种诊断和治疗程序。本综述描述了与安全入路规划相关的解剖结构，以及在不同头颈部区域经皮穿刺针放置所使用的各种方法的技术、优点和局限性。颧下、下颌后、上颌旁、乳突下、经口和后路等入路可用于舌骨上的头颈部区域（包括颅底和上颈椎）的经皮穿刺。在颈部舌骨下部分以及下颈椎，可通过前外侧（在气道和颈动脉鞘之间）、后外侧（在颈动脉鞘后方）和直接后路入路实现穿刺。
