Ecker Ullrich K H, Arend Anna M, Bergström Kirstin, Zimmer Hubert D
Brain and Cognition Unit, Dept. of Psychology, Saarland University, Germany.
Conscious Cogn. 2009 Sep;18(3):679-89. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2009.04.005. Epub 2009 May 13.
Research on the effects of perceptual manipulations on recognition memory has suggested that (a) recollection is selectively influenced by task-relevant information and (b) familiarity can be considered perceptually specific. The present experiment tested divergent assumptions that (a) perceptual features can influence conscious object recollection via verbal code despite being task-irrelevant and that (b) perceptual features do not influence object familiarity if study is verbal-conceptual. At study, subjects named objects and their presentation colour; this was followed by an old/new object recognition test. Event-related potentials (ERP) showed that a study-test manipulation of colour impacted selectively on the ERP effect associated with recollection, while a size manipulation showed no effect. It is concluded that (a) verbal predicates generated at study are potent episodic memory agents that modulate recollection even if the recovered feature information is task-irrelevant and (b) commonly found perceptual match effects on familiarity critically depend on perceptual processing at study.
（a）回忆受到与任务相关信息的选择性影响；（b）熟悉性可被视为具有知觉特异性。本实验检验了不同的假设：（a）尽管知觉特征与任务无关，但仍可通过言语编码影响有意识的客体回忆；（b）如果学习是言语概念性的，那么知觉特征不会影响客体熟悉性。在学习阶段，让被试说出物体及其呈现颜色；随后进行旧/新物体再认测试。事件相关电位（ERP）显示，学习-测试中的颜色操纵对与回忆相关的ERP效应有选择性影响，而大小操纵则无影响。得出的结论是：（a）学习时生成的言语谓语是强大的情景记忆媒介，即使恢复的特征信息与任务无关，也能调节回忆；（b）常见的知觉匹配对熟悉性的影响关键取决于学习时的知觉加工。
