Duffy Jeanne F, Willson Hannah J, Wang Wei, Czeisler Charles A
Brigham and Women's Hospital General Clinical Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Jul;57(7):1245-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02303.x. Epub 2009 Apr 30.
To determine whether healthy aging is associated with increased sleepiness and whether healthy older adults experience more sleepiness when acutely sleep deprived.
A 5-day inpatient circadian rhythm-sleep study consisting of 3 baseline nights followed by an extended 26-hour wake episode under constant conditions.
Intensive Physiological Monitoring Unit, General Clinical Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital.
Thirty-seven healthy participants without medical, psychological, or sleep disorders: 26 young (7 women, 19 men; mean age 21.9 +/- 3.3, range 18-29) and 11 "young-old" adults (3 women, 8 men; mean age 68.1 +/- 3.6, range 65-76).
An extended 26-hour wake episode under constant conditions.
Electroencephalographic-verified wakefulness, slow eye movements, sustained attention, subjective sleepiness.
During the first 16 hours corresponding to the usual waking day, both groups rated themselves as alert and had similar levels of vigilance and little evidence of sleepiness. As the wake episode continued, the older subjects were less impaired, showing faster reaction times, fewer performance lapses and attentional failures, and less frequent unintentional sleep episodes than the younger subjects.
This small study suggests that excessive sleepiness is not normal in healthy older adults. Symptoms of excessive sleepiness in this population, including reliance on caffeine to maintain alertness, should be evaluated and treated. Further study is needed to determine whether daytime sleepiness in middle-old (75-84 years) and old-old (> or = 85) adults is normal or is instead associated with sleep restriction, undiagnosed sleep disorders, medication side effects, mood disorders, or other medical disorders that disrupt sleep.
确定健康衰老是否与嗜睡增加有关，以及健康的老年人在急性睡眠剥夺时是否会出现更多嗜睡情况。
一项为期5天的住院昼夜节律睡眠研究，包括3个基线夜晚，随后在恒定条件下进行长达26小时的清醒期。
布莱根妇女医院综合临床研究中心强化生理监测室。
37名无医学、心理或睡眠障碍的健康参与者：26名年轻人（7名女性，19名男性；平均年龄21.9±3.3岁，范围18 - 29岁）和11名“年轻老年人”（3名女性，8名男性；平均年龄68.1±3.6岁，范围65 - 76岁）。
在恒定条件下进行长达26小时的清醒期。
脑电图证实的清醒状态、慢眼动、持续注意力、主观嗜睡程度。
在与通常清醒日相对应的前16小时内，两组均自我感觉警觉，警觉水平相似，几乎没有嗜睡迹象。随着清醒期的持续，老年受试者受损程度较轻，与年轻受试者相比，反应时间更快，表现失误和注意力不集中情况更少，无意睡眠发作频率更低。
这项小型研究表明，健康的老年人出现过度嗜睡并非正常现象。该人群中过度嗜睡的症状，包括依赖咖啡因来保持警觉，应进行评估和治疗。需要进一步研究以确定中老年（75 - 84岁）和高龄（≥85岁）成年人的日间嗜睡是正常现象，还是与睡眠限制、未确诊的睡眠障碍、药物副作用、情绪障碍或其他扰乱睡眠的医学疾病有关。
