Mmari K, Blum R W
Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Glob Public Health. 2009;4(4):350-66. doi: 10.1080/17441690701664418.
The primary focus of this article is to determine which risk and protective factors are most important to adolescent reproductive health in developing countries. A comprehensive and systematic literature search was conducted on studies that examined factors in relation to the following outcomes: ever had premarital sex, condom use, pregnancy, early childbearing, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV. While the search identified over 11,000 publications, only 61 were retained for the final analysis. The results show that factors which were significantly associated to the outcomes were primarily related to the adolescents themselves. In fact, very few factors outside the individual were found to be related to sexual risk behaviours. This contrasts to similar research conducted among youth samples in the US. While this review confirms the strong need for a broader research base on the risk and protective factors related to adolescent sexual and reproductive health in developing countries, it also does identify key factors that can be addressed through innovative programmes and policies to help improve adolescent reproductive health in the developing world.
本文的主要重点是确定哪些风险因素和保护因素对发展中国家青少年的生殖健康最为重要。我们针对研究以下结果相关因素的研究进行了全面、系统的文献检索：曾有过婚前性行为、使用避孕套、怀孕、早育、性传播感染以及感染艾滋病毒。虽然检索到了超过11,000篇出版物，但最终分析仅保留了61篇。结果表明，与这些结果显著相关的因素主要与青少年自身有关。事实上，发现个体之外很少有因素与性风险行为相关。这与在美国青年样本中进行的类似研究形成对比。虽然本次综述证实了迫切需要在发展中国家建立更广泛的关于青少年性与生殖健康相关风险和保护因素的研究基础，但它也确实确定了一些关键因素，可通过创新方案和政策来加以应对，以帮助改善发展中世界青少年的生殖健康。
