Arias Carlos, Mlewski Estela Cecilia, Miller Stacie, Molina Juan Carlos, Spear Norman E
Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 May;92(3):448-56. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.01.012. Epub 2009 Jan 23.
During early ontogeny heterogeneous rats are sensitive to ethanol's stimulating effects. In adulthood locomotor activity in a novel environment is a valuable predictor of acute sensitivity to the activating effects of various drugs, including ethanol. Environmental novelty modulates response to ethanol and other drugs in adult rats. The present study analyzed the role of novelty in the acute locomotor response induced by ethanol earlier in development, during the preweanling period, a stage characterized by enhanced sensitivity to ethanol's reinforcing effects. In Experiment 1 we evaluated the predictive value of baseline locomotor activity upon ethanol-induced locomotor effects in 12-day-old rats. In Experiment 2 we tested whether repeated familiarization with the testing environment would reduce the stimulating effects induced by ethanol on postnatal day 12. Individual differences in response to an inescapable novel environment significantly predicted the locomotor activating effects of ethanol, but not other acute effects of the drug, such as hypothermia, motor impairment or sedation. Behavioral activation induced by ethanol during the preweanling period was attenuated after familiarization with the testing environment, suggesting that environmental novelty is critical for activating effects of ethanol.
在个体发育早期，品系混杂的大鼠对乙醇的刺激作用敏感。成年后，在新环境中的运动活动是对包括乙醇在内的各种药物激活作用急性敏感性的重要预测指标。环境新奇性可调节成年大鼠对乙醇和其他药物的反应。本研究分析了新奇性在发育早期、断奶前阶段（此阶段对乙醇强化作用的敏感性增强）乙醇诱导的急性运动反应中的作用。在实验1中，我们评估了12日龄大鼠基线运动活动对乙醇诱导的运动效应的预测价值。在实验2中，我们测试了对测试环境的反复熟悉是否会降低乙醇在出生后第12天所诱导的刺激作用。对不可避免的新环境反应的个体差异显著预测了乙醇的运动激活作用，但不能预测该药物的其他急性效应，如体温过低、运动障碍或镇静作用。断奶前阶段乙醇诱导的行为激活在熟悉测试环境后减弱，这表明环境新奇性对乙醇的激活作用至关重要。
