Tucker Margaret A
Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Room 7122, Bethesda, MD 20892-7236, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2009 Jun;23(3):383-95, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2009.03.010.
Melanoma is a complex, heterogeneous cancer that continues to increase in incidence. Multiple studies have consistently identified major host and environmental risk factors for melanoma. Nevi, particularly dysplastic nevi, confer much higher risks than most pigmentary characteristics. Ultraviolet radiation exposure is the predominant environmental risk factor for melanoma. Recently, both rare high risk susceptibility genes and common polymorphic genes contributing to melanoma risk have been identified.
黑色素瘤是一种复杂的异质性癌症，其发病率持续上升。多项研究一致确定了黑色素瘤的主要宿主和环境风险因素。痣，尤其是发育异常痣，比大多数色素特征带来的风险要高得多。紫外线辐射暴露是黑色素瘤的主要环境风险因素。最近，已鉴定出导致黑色素瘤风险的罕见高风险易感基因和常见多态性基因。
