Winter Urs, Hauri Dimitri, Huber Stefan, Jenewein Josef, Schnyder Ulrich, Kraemer Bernd
Saint Otmar Church, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Psychother Psychosom. 2009;78(4):240-4. doi: 10.1159/000219523. Epub 2009 May 21.
Recent research suggested that religious coping, based on dispositional religiousness and spirituality (R/S), is an important modulating factor in the process of dealing with adversity. In contrast to the United States, the effect of R/S on psychological adjustment to stress is a widely unexplored area in Europe.
We examined a Swiss sample of 328 church attendees in the aftermath of stressful life events to explore associations of positive or negative religious coping with the psychological outcome. Applying a cross-sectional design, we used Huber's Centrality Scale to specify religiousness and Pargament's measure of religious coping (RCOPE) for the assessment of positive and negative religious coping. Depressive symptoms and anxiety as outcome variables were examined by the Brief Symptom Inventory. The Stress-Related Growth Scale and the Marburg questionnaire for the assessment of well-being were used to assess positive outcome aspects. We conducted Mann-Whitney tests for group comparisons and cumulative logit analysis for the assessment of associations of religious coping with our outcome variables.
Both forms of religious coping were positively associated with stress-related growth (p < 0.01). However, negative religious coping additionally reduced well-being (p = 0.05, beta = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.27-0.99) and increased anxiety (p = 0.02, beta = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.10-3.39) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.01, beta = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.27-4.06).
The effects of religious coping on the psychological adjustment to stressful life events seem relevant. These findings should be confirmed in prospective studies.
近期研究表明，基于特质性宗教信仰和精神性（R/S）的宗教应对是应对逆境过程中的一个重要调节因素。与美国不同，在欧洲，R/S对压力心理调适的影响是一个尚未得到广泛探索的领域。
我们对328名经历过应激性生活事件的瑞士教会参与者样本进行了研究，以探讨积极或消极宗教应对与心理结果之间的关联。采用横断面设计，我们使用胡贝尔中心性量表来确定宗教信仰，并使用帕加蒙特的宗教应对测量方法（RCOPE）来评估积极和消极宗教应对。通过简明症状量表检查抑郁症状和焦虑作为结果变量。使用压力相关成长量表和用于评估幸福感的马尔堡问卷来评估积极结果方面。我们进行了曼-惠特尼检验用于组间比较，并进行累积对数分析以评估宗教应对与我们的结果变量之间的关联。
两种形式的宗教应对都与压力相关成长呈正相关（p < 0.01）。然而，消极宗教应对还会降低幸福感（p = 0.05，β = 0.52，95%置信区间 = 0.27 - 0.99），增加焦虑（p = 0.02，β = 1.94，95%置信区间 = 1.10 - 3.39）和抑郁症状（p = 0.01，β = 2.27，95%置信区间 = 1.27 - 4.06）。
宗教应对对应激性生活事件心理调适的影响似乎是相关的。这些发现应在前瞻性研究中得到证实。
