Lee Stephen T, Davis T Zane, Gardner Dale R, Stegelmeier Bryan L, Evans Tim J
United States Department of Agriculture, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Logan, Utah 84341, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jun 24;57(12):5639-43. doi: 10.1021/jf900781j.
White snakeroot ( Ageratina altissima ) and rayless goldenrod ( Isocoma pluriflora ) can cause "trembles" and "milk sickness" in livestock and humans, respectively. Tremetol, a complex mixture of sterols and derivatives of methyl ketone benzofuran has been extracted from white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod and is reported to be the toxic substance in plant material. In this study, the three major benzofuran ketones, tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone, were isolated from rayless goldenrod. Using these compounds as standards, a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to measure these compounds in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod. Concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone were found to vary considerably among the different white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod plant collections. Differences in concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod plants may explain the historical sporadic and unpredictable toxicity of these plants to livestock and humans.
白蛇根草（Ageratina altissima）和无芒假蓬（Isocoma pluriflora）分别会导致牲畜患上“颤抖病”和人类患上“乳毒病”。震颤醇是一种由甾醇和甲基酮苯并呋喃衍生物组成的复杂混合物，已从白蛇根草和无芒假蓬中提取出来，据报道它是植物材料中的有毒物质。在本研究中，从无芒假蓬中分离出了三种主要的苯并呋喃酮，即震颤酮、脱氢震颤酮和3 - 氧代当归酰 - 震颤酮。以这些化合物为标准品，开发了一种定量高效液相色谱（HPLC）方法来测定白蛇根草和无芒假蓬中的这些化合物。结果发现，不同的白蛇根草和无芒假蓬植物样本中，震颤酮、脱氢震颤酮和3 - 氧代当归酰 - 震颤酮的浓度差异很大。白蛇根草和无芒假蓬植物中震颤酮、脱氢震颤酮和3 - 氧代当归酰 - 震颤酮浓度的差异，可能解释了这些植物历史上对牲畜和人类造成的零星且不可预测的毒性。
