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气质在烟草和大麻使用早期开始之间关系中的作用:TRAILS研究。

The role of temperament in the relationship between early onset of tobacco and cannabis use: the TRAILS study.

作者信息

Creemers Hanneke E, Korhonen Tellervo, Kaprio Jaakko, Vollebergh Wilma A M, Ormel Johan, Verhulst Frank C, Huizink Anja C

机构信息

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center/Sophia Children's Hospital, PO Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009 Sep 1;104(1-2):113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.010. Epub 2009 May 30.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

While temperamental characteristics have been related to the onset of cannabis use, it is not clear at what point(s) along the trajectory from early onset of tobacco use (EOT) to early onset of cannabis use (EOC) these characteristics exert their impact. This study examined if (1) temperamental characteristics predispose to EOT that on its turn predisposes to EOC, and (2) temperament moderates the importance of EOT on the progression to EOC.

METHODS

Data from 1848 (83%) participants in the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a prospective population study of Dutch adolescents, were analyzed. We used parent-reports on the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire to assess the dimensions of high-intensity pleasure, frustration, effortful control, shyness and fearfulness at age 10-12. EOT and EOC were defined as use at least once before the ages of 12 and 13 years, respectively, assessed by means of self-reports. We performed mediation and moderation analyses in Mplus.

RESULTS

High levels of high-intensity pleasure predisposed to entrance in the trajectory from EOT to EOC. Once tobacco use had been initiated at early age, low levels of shyness and high levels of high-intensity pleasure increased the risk of progression to EOC.

CONCLUSIONS

Besides a common liability for EOT and EOC based on temperament, the risk of transition from tobacco to cannabis use is modified by temperamental characteristics. Differences in interplay with other risk factors may explain the impact of temperament on distinct points along the substance use trajectory.

摘要

背景

虽然气质特征与大麻使用的起始有关,但尚不清楚在从早期开始使用烟草(EOT)到早期开始使用大麻(EOC)的轨迹中,这些特征在哪个阶段发挥作用。本研究考察了:(1)气质特征是否易导致EOT,而EOT又是否易导致EOC;(2)气质是否调节EOT对发展为EOC的重要性。

方法

对追踪青少年个体生活调查(TRAILS)中1848名(83%)参与者的数据进行了分析,TRAILS是一项针对荷兰青少年的前瞻性人群研究。我们使用父母报告的青少年早期气质问卷来评估10 - 12岁时高强度愉悦、挫折感、努力控制、害羞和恐惧等维度。EOT和EOC分别定义为在12岁和13岁之前至少使用过一次,通过自我报告进行评估。我们在Mplus中进行了中介和调节分析。

结果

高水平的高强度愉悦易导致进入从EOT到EOC的轨迹。一旦早年开始使用烟草,低水平的害羞和高水平的高强度愉悦会增加发展为EOC的风险。

结论

除了基于气质的EOT和EOC的共同易感性外,气质特征还会改变从烟草使用转变为大麻使用的风险。与其他风险因素相互作用的差异可能解释了气质对物质使用轨迹上不同阶段的影响。

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