Rodríguez-Pérez M A, Rivas-Alcalá A R
Investigador del Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas del Sureste, México.
Salud Publica Mex. 1991 Sep-Oct;33(5):493-503.
The treatment and control of onchocerciasis in Mexico has been supported only on the administration of diethylcarbamazine and the removal of adult worms, which are in the onchocercomata. These actions seems to have diminished the prevalence and incidence of blindness in those individuals who are affected by this parasitosis. However, there has not been an important impact on onchocerciasis transmission. The objective of this paper is to critically analyze and discuss subjects related to diagnosis, treatment and control of onchocerciasis transmission in Mexico. Chemical vector control has been successfully achieved in other world regions; however, in Mexico, it has not been fully accepted as part of the integral onchocerciasis control due to several causes. Moreover, there has been few scientific research activities toward the search of new options for vector control. Recently, results of research on ivermectin (a microfilaricide agent) have indicated that this drug is effective and safe for the treatment of onchocerciasis. Additionally, it has been reported that ivermectin has an effect on the onchocerciasis transmission. However, there are several unanswered questions about the efficacy of ivermectin in stopping onchocerciasis transmission. In this report, the main efforts carried out in Mexico against onchocerciasis are analysed and problems related with diagnosis, treatment and control are also discussed. Some parameters for the correct evaluation of onchocerciasis control, with entomological emphasis, are proposed.
墨西哥盘尾丝虫病的治疗与控制仅依靠乙胺嗪的施用以及摘除盘尾丝虫瘤内的成虫。这些举措似乎已降低了受这种寄生虫病影响的个体中失明的患病率和发病率。然而，对盘尾丝虫病的传播并未产生重大影响。本文的目的是批判性地分析和讨论与墨西哥盘尾丝虫病传播的诊断、治疗和控制相关的主题。在世界其他地区，化学媒介控制已成功实现；然而，在墨西哥，由于多种原因，它尚未被完全接受为盘尾丝虫病综合控制的一部分。此外，针对寻找新的媒介控制方案的科学研究活动很少。最近，关于伊维菌素（一种杀微丝蚴剂）的研究结果表明，这种药物对盘尾丝虫病的治疗有效且安全。此外，有报道称伊维菌素对盘尾丝虫病的传播有影响。然而，关于伊维菌素在阻止盘尾丝虫病传播方面的疗效仍有几个未解决的问题。在本报告中，分析了墨西哥针对盘尾丝虫病所做的主要工作，并讨论了与诊断、治疗和控制相关的问题。提出了一些以昆虫学为重点的正确评估盘尾丝虫病控制的参数。
