Wu Li-Ping, Li Yi-Kai, Li Yu-Ming, Zhang Ying-Qi, Zhong Shi-Zhen
Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Clin Anat. 2009 Jul;22(5):619-26. doi: 10.1002/ca.20809.
Although several morphological variations of sacrum have been reported in western populations, little attention has been paid to this anatomic issue in eastern people, and classification of sacral variability in particular. In this research of sacral morphology in Chinese people, we investigated and measured thoroughly and systematically 203 specimens of intact dry Chinese adult sacra. Morphological features of sacral variations were observed by visual inspection, and correlation parameters of variability were measured with a vernier caliper. The incidence of sacral variations was calculated. We found that the overall rate of sacral variations was 58.1% (male: 57.4%; female: 59.5%). The anatomical variants that we observed fell into the following five categories: accessory auricular surface (25 specimens, 12.3%); sacral skewness (48 specimens, 23.6%); transitional vertebra (34 specimens, 16.7%); sacral spina bifida occulta (57 specimens, 28.1%), Degrees I, II, and III of which were 36, 14, and 7 specimens, respectively; multiple variations (42 specimens, 20.7%), the types of which were diversified. This study reveals that sacral variations are common in Chinese population. The sacral variants in anatomic morphology should be taken into consideration when diagnosing and treating sacrum-related diseases.
尽管西方人群中已报道了几种骶骨的形态变异，但在东方人群中，这一解剖学问题，尤其是骶骨变异的分类，却很少受到关注。在这项关于中国人骶骨形态的研究中，我们对203例完整的中国成年干燥骶骨标本进行了全面系统的调查和测量。通过肉眼观察骶骨变异的形态特征，并用游标卡尺测量变异的相关参数。计算骶骨变异的发生率。我们发现骶骨变异的总体发生率为58.1%（男性：57.4%；女性：59.5%）。我们观察到的解剖变异分为以下五类：副耳状面（25例，12.3%）；骶骨偏斜（48例，23.6%）；过渡椎（34例，16.7%）；隐性骶椎裂（57例，28.1%），其中I度、II度和III度分别为36例、14例和7例；多种变异（42例，20.7%），其类型多样。本研究表明，骶骨变异在中国人群中很常见。在诊断和治疗与骶骨相关的疾病时，应考虑解剖形态上的骶骨变异。
