Kessler Eva-Marie, Staudinger Ursula M
Jacobs Center on Lifelong Learning and Institutional Development, Jacobs University Bremen.
Psychol Aging. 2009 Jun;24(2):349-362. doi: 10.1037/a0015352.
The aim of the present study was to investigate age-related differences in self-reported affect in adulthood. Measurement of affect encompassed high- and low-arousal positive and negative affect. The sample consisted of 277 participants who were between 20 and 80 years old. Older participants showed a higher level of low-arousal positive affect and did not significantly differ from the two younger age groups in high-arousal positive affect. Both high- and low-arousal negative affect decreased from middle to older adulthood. Only partially are these age effects explained by sociodemographic characteristics, education, or self-reported health and personality. The perceived regulation of affect in the face of difficulties or threatening situations emerged as a central mediator in the association between age and the three age-graded facets of affect. In contrast, future time perspective had no mediating effect on the age-affect relationship. Results suggest that age-related advantages in perceived affect regulation seem to be one central component of resilience in old age.
本研究的目的是调查成年期自我报告情感方面与年龄相关的差异。情感测量包括高唤醒和低唤醒的积极和消极情感。样本由277名年龄在20至80岁之间的参与者组成。年长参与者表现出更高水平的低唤醒积极情感，在高唤醒积极情感方面与两个较年轻年龄组没有显著差异。高唤醒和低唤醒消极情感从中年期到老年期都有所下降。社会人口统计学特征、教育程度或自我报告的健康状况及个性只能部分解释这些年龄效应。面对困难或威胁情况时对情感的感知调节成为年龄与情感的三个年龄分级方面之间关联的核心中介因素。相比之下，未来时间观对年龄与情感关系没有中介作用。结果表明，在感知情感调节方面与年龄相关的优势似乎是老年人恢复力的一个核心组成部分。
