Department of Neuropathology, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France.
Brain Pathol. 2010 Mar;20(2):399-411. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00295.x. Epub 2009 May 22.
A persistent cycling cell population in the normal adult human brain is well established. Neural stem cells or neural progenitors have been identified in the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus subgranular layer (SGL), two areas of persistent neurogenesis. Cycling cells in other human normal brain areas, however, remains to be established. Here, we determined the distribution and identity of these cells in the cortex, the white matter and the hippocampal formation of adult patients with and without chronic temporal lobe epilepsy using immunohistochemistry for the cell cycle markers Ki-67 (Mib-1) and minichromosome maintenance protein 2. Rare proliferative neuronal precursors expressing the neuronal antigen neuronal nuclei were restricted to the SGL. In contrast, the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell markers Olig2 and the surface antigen NG2 were expressed by the vast majority of cycling cells scattered throughout the cortex and white matter of both control and epileptic patients. Most of these cycling cells were in early G1 phase, and were significantly more numerous in epileptic than in non-epileptic patients. These results provide evidence for a persistent gliogenesis in the human cortex and white matter that is enhanced in an epileptic environment.
在正常成年人的大脑中，存在一个持续循环的细胞群体，这一事实已得到充分证实。神经干细胞或神经前体细胞已在侧脑室(subventricular zone)和齿状回颗粒下层(subgranular layer, SGL)中被鉴定出来，这两个区域是持续神经发生的区域。然而，其他正常大脑区域中的循环细胞仍有待确定。在这里，我们使用细胞周期标志物 Ki-67（Mib-1）和微小染色体维持蛋白 2(minichromosome maintenance protein 2)的免疫组织化学方法，来确定有或没有慢性颞叶癫痫的成年患者大脑皮层、白质和海马结构中这些细胞的分布和特征。表达神经元抗原神经元核的罕见增殖性神经元前体仅限于 SGL。相比之下，少突胶质细胞祖细胞标志物 Olig2 和表面抗原 NG2 则由绝大多数分散在对照和癫痫患者皮层和白质中的循环细胞表达。这些循环细胞中的大多数处于早期 G1 期，在癫痫患者中明显比非癫痫患者中更为常见。这些结果为人类大脑皮层和白质中持续的神经胶质发生提供了证据，并且在癫痫环境中这种发生会增强。
