Howard Karen E, Freeman Ruth
Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2009 Jul;19(4):233-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2009.00977.x. Epub 2009 Mar 30.
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the passivity to activity through live symbolic (PALS) after treatment modelling intervention to reduce child dental anxiety.
A convenience sample of consecutive 5- to 10-year-old dental patients were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Self-reported child dental anxiety was assessed at the start of each visit. At the end of each visit, children in the intervention group were introduced to a glove puppet, which acted as the PALS model. The intervention group children re-enacted the treatment they had just received on the puppet's teeth. At the end of each visit, the control children received motivational rewards only. The change in dental anxiety scores was examined by t-tests and analysis of covariance.
The final analysis included 27 intervention children and 26 control children. For the intervention group, there were no statistically significant changes in dental anxiety over a course of treatment, between first and second preventive visits, between first and second invasive treatment visits, or between first attendance and subsequent recall attendance. For the control group, a statistically significant decrease in dental anxiety was observed between the first and second invasive dental treatment visits.
The PALS after treatment modelling intervention was ineffective in reducing child dental anxiety.
本研究旨在评估治疗模拟干预后通过活体象征从被动到主动（PALS）来降低儿童牙科焦虑的有效性。
选取连续的5至10岁牙科患者作为便利样本，随机分为干预组和对照组。在每次就诊开始时评估儿童自我报告的牙科焦虑情况。每次就诊结束时，干预组的儿童会接触一个手套木偶，它作为PALS模型。干预组儿童在木偶牙齿上重新模拟他们刚接受的治疗。每次就诊结束时，对照组儿童仅获得激励奖励。通过t检验和协方差分析来检查牙科焦虑评分的变化。
最终分析纳入了27名干预组儿童和26名对照组儿童。对于干预组，在整个治疗过程中、第一次和第二次预防性就诊之间、第一次和第二次侵入性治疗就诊之间，或第一次就诊与后续复诊之间，牙科焦虑均无统计学上的显著变化。对于对照组，在第一次和第二次侵入性牙科治疗就诊之间观察到牙科焦虑有统计学上的显著降低。
治疗模拟干预后的PALS在降低儿童牙科焦虑方面无效。
