Department of Natural Science, Loyola Marymount University, One LMU Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA.
Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Jul;166(1-4):95-111. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-0987-5. Epub 2009 Jun 3.
California's Clean Beach Initiative (CBI) funds projects to reduce loads of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) impacting beaches, thus providing an opportunity to judge the effectiveness of various CBI water pollution control strategies. Seventeen initial projects were selected for assessment to determine their effectiveness on reducing FIB in the receiving waters along beaches nearest to the projects. Control strategies included low-flow diversions, sterilization facilities, sewer improvements, pier best management practices (BMPs), vegetative swales, and enclosed beach BMPs. Assessments were based on statistical changes in pre- and postproject mean densities of FIB at shoreline monitoring stations targeted by the projects. Most low-flow diversions and the wetland swale project were effective in removing all contaminated runoff from beaches. UV sterilization was effective when coupled with pretreatment filtration and where effluent was released within a few hundred meters of the beach to avoid FIB regrowth. Other BMPs were less effective because they treated only a portion of contaminant sources impacting their target beach. These findings should be useful to other coastal states and agencies faced with similar pollution control problems.
加利福尼亚清洁海滩倡议（CBI）资助了一些项目，以减少影响海滩的粪便指示细菌（FIB）的负荷，从而有机会判断各种 CBI 水污染控制策略的有效性。选择了 17 个初始项目进行评估，以确定它们在减少靠近项目的海滩受纳水域中 FIB 的有效性。控制策略包括低流量改道、消毒设施、污水改善、码头最佳管理实践（BMP）、植被洼地和封闭的海滩 BMP。评估是基于项目针对的海岸线监测站的 FIB 前、后平均密度的统计变化。大多数低流量改道和湿地洼地项目在去除海滩上所有污染径流方面非常有效。紫外线消毒在与预处理过滤结合使用时非常有效，并且当废水在离海滩几百米的范围内释放时，可以避免 FIB 再生。其他 BMP 的效果较差，因为它们仅处理影响其目标海滩的部分污染源。这些发现对于面临类似污染控制问题的其他沿海州和机构应该是有用的。
