Waite Linda J, Laumann Edward O, Das Aniruddha, Schumm L Philip
Center on Aging, University of Chicago, 1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009 Nov;64 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i56-66. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbp038. Epub 2009 Jun 4.
The National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) was designed to examine the relationship between sexual behavior, sexual problems, and health among older women and men. We describe measures of sexual partnerships, sexual practices, sexual problems, attitudes toward sex, and nonsexual intimacy in the first wave of NSHAP.
We compare measures of sexuality for those 57-85 years old, by age, separately for men and women. We construct scales of sexual mores, sexual interest, and relationship satisfaction and discuss properties of each scale.
Sexuality among older adults tends to vary with age and gender. At all ages in this study, men are more likely than women to have a partner, more likely to be sexually active with that partner, and tend to have more positive and permissive attitudes toward sex. The proportions in a sexual partnership, behavior, problems, and attitudes all differ substantially by age. And these age patterns often differ for men and women.
Data obtained in the NSHAP can be used to construct key measures of sexuality among older adults; to examine sexuality itself; and to explore the link between sexuality, health, well-being, and other dimensions of the lives of older adults.
国家社会生活、健康与老龄化项目（NSHAP）旨在研究老年男性和女性的性行为、性问题与健康之间的关系。我们描述了NSHAP第一波调查中性伴侣关系、性行为、性问题、性态度以及非性亲密关系的测量方法。
我们按年龄比较了57至85岁人群的性取向测量数据，男女分开进行。我们构建了性道德、性兴趣和关系满意度量表，并讨论了每个量表的特性。
老年人的性取向往往因年龄和性别而异。在本研究的所有年龄段中，男性比女性更有可能拥有伴侣，更有可能与伴侣进行性活动，并且对性往往持有更积极和宽容的态度。性伴侣关系、行为、问题和态度的比例在不同年龄组中差异很大。而且这些年龄模式在男性和女性中往往也有所不同。
NSHAP获得的数据可用于构建老年人性取向的关键测量指标；研究性取向本身；并探索性取向、健康、幸福感以及老年人生活其他方面之间的联系。
