Brown Robert L, Landolt Peter J, Horton David R, Zack Richard S
Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6382, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2009 Jun;38(3):815-22. doi: 10.1603/022.038.0335.
The pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster), is a major economic pest of pears in North America and Europe. Laboratory studies have shown that males of both the summerform and winterform morphotypes in this species are attracted to volatiles given off by females. This study tested whether attraction by males to females can be shown in the field. We showed that males had a clear preference for sticky traps that had been baited with live females compared with traps baited with live males or traps that were left unbaited. Female C. pyricola did not exhibit a preference among the three types of trap treatments. These results were obtained for both morphotypes. Trap catch was also monitored at 2-h intervals to assess whether capture of males on female-baited traps varied with time of day. Summerform male C. pyricola were caught in highest numbers between 1,445 and 1,645 hours, whereas winterform males were most often captured between 1,300 and 1,700 hours on traps baited with females. In both trials, there was again a significant preference by males for the female-baited traps compared with unbaited traps. Long-term practical benefits of the methods developed here provide a platform for the development of more effective monitoring tools, use in mating disruption, or development of lure and kill technologies.
梨木虱，即梨喀木虱（Förster），是北美和欧洲梨树的主要经济害虫。实验室研究表明，该物种夏季型和冬季型形态的雄性个体都会被雌性释放的挥发性物质所吸引。本研究测试了雄性对雌性的吸引力在田间是否也能表现出来。我们发现，与用活雄性诱捕的陷阱或未设诱饵的陷阱相比，雄性明显更倾向于选择用活雌性作为诱饵的粘性陷阱。梨喀木虱雌性在这三种陷阱处理方式之间没有表现出偏好。两种形态的个体都得到了这样的结果。我们还每隔2小时监测一次陷阱捕获情况，以评估在以雌性为诱饵的陷阱上捕获雄性的数量是否随一天中的时间而变化。夏季型梨喀木虱雄性在1445至1645时被捕获的数量最多，而冬季型雄性在以雌性为诱饵的陷阱上，最常于1300至1700时被捕获。在这两项试验中，与未设诱饵的陷阱相比，雄性再次明显更倾向于以雌性为诱饵的陷阱。这里开发的方法所带来的长期实际效益为开发更有效的监测工具、用于交配干扰或开发诱捕杀灭技术提供了一个平台。
