Korn Thomas, Mitsdoerffer Meike, Kuchroo Vijay K
Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany.
Results Probl Cell Differ. 2010;51:43-74. doi: 10.1007/400_2008_17.
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS) that has shaped our understanding of autoimmune tissue inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Major therapeutic approaches to MS have been first validated in EAE. Nevertheless, EAE in all its modifications is not able to recapitulate the full range of clinical and histopathogenic aspects of MS. Furthermore, autoimmune reactions in EAE-prone rodent strains and MS patients may differ in terms of the relative involvement of various subsets of immune cells. However, the role of specific molecules that play a role in skewing the immune response towards pathogenic autoreactivity is very similar in mice and humans. Thus, in this chapter, we will focus on the identification of a novel subset of inflammatory T cells, called Th17 cells, in EAE and their interplay with other immune cells including protective regulatory T cells (T-regs). It is likely that the discovery of Th17 cells and their relationship with T-regs will change our understanding of organ-specific autoimmune diseases in the years to come.
实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）是多发性硬化症（MS）的动物模型，它塑造了我们对中枢神经系统（CNS）自身免疫性组织炎症的理解。MS的主要治疗方法首先在EAE中得到验证。然而，所有变体的EAE都无法重现MS的全部临床和组织病理学特征。此外，易患EAE的啮齿动物品系和MS患者的自身免疫反应在各种免疫细胞亚群的相对参与方面可能有所不同。然而，在使免疫反应偏向致病性自身反应性方面起作用的特定分子在小鼠和人类中的作用非常相似。因此，在本章中，我们将重点关注在EAE中鉴定一种称为Th17细胞的新型炎症性T细胞亚群，以及它们与包括保护性调节性T细胞（T-regs）在内的其他免疫细胞的相互作用。在未来几年中，Th17细胞的发现及其与T-regs的关系可能会改变我们对器官特异性自身免疫性疾病的理解。
