Abrahamsson Thomas R, Sinkiewicz Gabriela, Jakobsson Ted, Fredrikson Mats, Björkstén Bengt
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009 Sep;49(3):349-54. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31818f091b.
This is to identify factors affecting the prevalence of Lactobacillus reuteri in maternal faeces and breast milk and infant faeces after oral supplementation with L reuteri and to assess the influence on microbial ecology, particularly Clostridium difficile and Bifidobacterium colonization.
In this double-blind trial, 232 mothers with a family history of atopic disease were randomized to a daily intake of either L reuteri American-type culture collection (ATCC) 55730 (1 x 10 colony-forming units [CFU]) or placebo for the last 4 weeks of pregnancy. Their babies then continued with the same study product daily from birth until 12 months of age. Bacterial counts and prevalence were assessed in maternal breast milk and faeces and infant faeces, using conventional cultivation methods.
The prevalence of L reuteri was higher during the first year of life in the stool samples from infants in the active as compared with the placebo-treated group. The highest prevalence was recorded at 5 to 6 days of age (82% in the treated vs 20% in the placebo group, P < 0.001). Lactobacillus reuteri was isolated from 12% and 2%, respectively, in the colostrum samples (P < 0.05). Breast-feeding seemed to reduce faecal L reuteri counts, although antibiotics did not influence the levels of L reuteri. The administration of L reuteri did not affect bifidobacteria or C difficile colonization.
Lactobacillus reuteri may be detected in breast milk after oral supplementation to the mother and in almost all infants after oral supplementation during the first year of life, as well as occasionally in many untreated infants.
本研究旨在确定口服罗伊氏乳杆菌后，影响母亲粪便、母乳及婴儿粪便中罗伊氏乳杆菌流行率的因素，并评估其对微生物生态的影响，特别是艰难梭菌和双歧杆菌的定植情况。
在这项双盲试验中，232名有特应性疾病家族史的母亲在妊娠最后4周被随机分为两组，一组每日摄入罗伊氏乳杆菌美国模式菌种保藏中心（ATCC）55730（1×10菌落形成单位[CFU]），另一组摄入安慰剂。她们的婴儿从出生至12个月龄，每天继续服用相同的研究产品。采用传统培养方法评估母乳、母亲粪便和婴儿粪便中的细菌计数及流行率。
与安慰剂治疗组相比，活性治疗组婴儿粪便样本中罗伊氏乳杆菌在生命第一年的流行率更高。最高流行率出现在5至6日龄时（治疗组为82%，安慰剂组为20%，P<0.001）。初乳样本中分别有12%和2%分离出罗伊氏乳杆菌（P<0.05）。母乳喂养似乎会降低粪便中罗伊氏乳杆菌的计数，尽管抗生素对罗伊氏乳杆菌水平没有影响。罗伊氏乳杆菌的给药对双歧杆菌或艰难梭菌的定植没有影响。
母亲口服补充罗伊氏乳杆菌后，母乳中可检测到罗伊氏乳杆菌；在生命第一年口服补充后，几乎所有婴儿的粪便中也可检测到，许多未治疗的婴儿偶尔也能检测到。
