Truchado Pilar, Martos Isabel, Bortolotti Laura, Sabatini Anna G, Ferreres Federico, Tomas-Barberan Francisco A
Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jul 8;57(13):5680-6. doi: 10.1021/jf900766v.
To identify potential floral markers of chestnut honey, the phytochemicals present in chestnut floral nectar collected by bees were analyzed. Two nitrogen-containing compounds were detected, isolated, and identified as 4-hydroxyquinaldic acid (kynurenic acid) and 4-quinolone-2-carboxylic acid by (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR. In addition, chestnut nectar contained the monoterpene 4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)cyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid, its gentiobioside ester, and the flavonol quercetin 3-pentosylhexoside. These nectar markers were found in different chestnut unifloral honey samples, although the flavonol was not detected in all samples analyzed. The terpenoid derivatives had previously been found in linden and tilia honeys. These results show that quinoline alkaloids are potentially good markers of chestnut honey, as they were not detected in any other unifloral honey analyzed so far. They are present at concentrations ranging from 34 to 65 mg/100 g of honey in the samples analyzed. In addition, the terpenoid and flavonoid derivatives present in nectar, although not exclusively characteristic of this floral origin, are good complementary markers for the determination of the floral origin of chestnut honey.
为了确定板栗蜂蜜潜在的花源标记物，对蜜蜂采集的板栗花蜜中的植物化学物质进行了分析。通过氢核磁共振（¹H NMR）和碳核磁共振（¹³C NMR）检测、分离并鉴定出两种含氮化合物，分别为4-羟基喹哪啶酸（犬尿喹啉酸）和4-喹诺酮-2-羧酸。此外，板栗花蜜还含有单萜类化合物4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)环己-1,3-二烯-1-羧酸及其龙胆二糖苷酯，以及黄酮醇槲皮素3-戊糖基己糖苷。在不同的板栗单花蜂蜜样品中均发现了这些花蜜标记物，不过在所有分析的样品中并非都能检测到黄酮醇。此前在椴树蜂蜜中已发现萜类衍生物。这些结果表明，喹啉生物碱有可能是板栗蜂蜜的良好标记物，因为在目前分析的任何其他单花蜂蜜中均未检测到。在所分析的样品中，它们的含量范围为34至65毫克/100克蜂蜜。此外，花蜜中存在的萜类和黄酮类衍生物虽然并非该花源所特有，但却是确定板栗蜂蜜花源的良好补充标记物。
