Kalkhoff Will, Gregory Stanford W, Melamed David
Kent State University, Department of Sociology, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 2009 Apr;108(2):449-64. doi: 10.2466/PMS.108.2.449-464.
In a driving simulator experiment, male and female college students received turn-by-turn driving directions and cognitive tasks while interacting with an experimenter via an audio communication system. In an Enhanced condition (n = 29), lower speech frequencies (containing the speech fundamental frequency) were routed to participants' left ears (with right cerebral-hemisphere processing) and verbal frequencies above the speech fundamental frequency were routed to right ears (with left hemisphere processing). A control group (n = 31) heard unfiltered communications in both ears. Compared to those in the Control condition, participants in the Enhanced condition were significantly less likely to crash and had nonsignificantly lower rates of driving errors (speed infractions, improper lane position, and following distance errors). The results suggest a means of alleviating cognitive load pressure and mitigating crash risk when complex equipment is operated concurrently with two-way electronic communications (cell phone communication while driving, air-to-air and air-to-ground communications, etc.).
在一项驾驶模拟器实验中，男女大学生在通过音频通信系统与实验者互动时，接收逐向驾驶指示和认知任务。在增强条件组（n = 29）中，较低语音频率（包含语音基频）被路由到参与者的左耳（由右脑半球处理），高于语音基频的语音频率被路由到右耳（由左脑半球处理）。对照组（n = 31）双耳听到未过滤的通信内容。与处于控制条件的参与者相比，增强条件组的参与者撞车的可能性显著降低，驾驶错误率（超速违规、车道位置不当和跟车距离错误）虽未显著降低，但也较低。结果表明，当复杂设备与双向电子通信同时操作时（如驾驶时使用手机通信、空对空和空对地通信等），有一种减轻认知负荷压力和降低撞车风险的方法。
