Hanna Rana, Fiedler Rolf G, Dietrich Hilke, Greitemann Bernhard, Heuft Gereon
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2010 Aug;60(8):316-25. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1220927. Epub 2009 Jun 24.
Work motivation, mental well-being and competencies of self-regulation are linked to successful job-related reintegration after rehabilitation. Based on the Diagnostical Instrument to assess Work motivation (Diagnostikinstrument für Arbeitsmotivation DIAMO) and existing training programs, a new group intervention, the goal analysis and goal operationalization, was developed and evaluated. The objective of this intervention, designed for participants of a rehabilitation program was to enhance work motivation and volitional control processes (self-regulation and self-control), to encourage job-related goal orientation and to thereby increase the probability of goal achievement.
In a quasi-experimental longitudinal design 207 patients (111 experimental group/96 control group) were tested. The experimental group took part in the job-related training (ZAZO) in addition to the usual rehabilitation. The evaluation was conducted through various scales at t0 (beginning) and t1 (end of the training). Scales for the measurement of work motivation, mental well-being, status of rehabilitation, competencies of self-regulation and the subjective prognosis of the ability to work were used. As direct effects of the training an enhancement of work motivation and of an improved subjective prognosis of the ability to work were expected. Accordingly, a positive influence on the subjective well-being as indirect effects, were anticipated in the long run, the experimental group should also show an enhanced job-related reintegration.
Participants of the experimental group showed significantly higher values on particular scales of the Diagnostical Instrument of Work motivation as opposed to the control group (curiosity motive, attitudes to work and contact motive). Most notably, significant interactional effects could be found on the scale for the subjective prognosis of the ability to work, which is a highly reliable instrument and important predictor for prospective job-related reintegration. The training ZAZO led to an enhancement of work motivation and subjective prognosis of the ability to work, both having positive effects on job-related orientation.
First evaluation results of the training ZAZO document the positive effect on both work motivation and subjective prognosis of the ability to work. The results of the evaluation present the good acceptance of the participants (93.3% = rather content to very content). The implementation of the group intervention in existing programs of rehabilitation can benefit job-related reintegration and will thereby contribute to lower costs for pension regulatory authorities in the long run.
工作动机、心理健康和自我调节能力与康复后成功重返工作岗位相关。基于评估工作动机的诊断工具（Diagnostikinstrument für Arbeitsmotivation DIAMO）和现有的培训项目，开发并评估了一种新的团体干预措施，即目标分析与目标实施。该干预措施针对康复项目的参与者设计，旨在增强工作动机和意志控制过程（自我调节和自我控制），鼓励与工作相关的目标导向，从而提高目标实现的可能性。
采用准实验纵向设计，对207名患者（111名实验组/96名对照组）进行测试。实验组除接受常规康复治疗外，还参加了与工作相关的培训（ZAZO）。在t0（开始）和t1（培训结束）时通过各种量表进行评估。使用了测量工作动机、心理健康、康复状况、自我调节能力和工作能力主观预后的量表。预期培训的直接效果是增强工作动机和改善工作能力的主观预后。因此，预计对主观幸福感有积极影响作为间接效果，从长远来看，实验组还应表现出增强的与工作相关的重返社会能力。
与对照组相比，实验组参与者在工作动机诊断工具的特定量表上显示出显著更高的值（好奇心动机、工作态度和交往动机）。最值得注意的是，在工作能力主观预后量表上发现了显著的交互作用，该量表是一种高度可靠的工具，也是未来与工作相关的重返社会的重要预测指标。ZAZO培训导致工作动机增强和工作能力主观预后改善，两者都对与工作相关的导向产生积极影响。
ZAZO培训的首次评估结果证明了其对工作动机和工作能力主观预后的积极影响。评估结果表明参与者的接受度良好（93.3% = 相当满意至非常满意）。在现有康复项目中实施团体干预可以促进与工作相关的重返社会，从而从长远来看有助于降低养老金监管机构的成本。
