Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Leopoldstrasse 13, Munich, Germany.
Psychophysiology. 2009 Nov;46(6):1123-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00855.x. Epub 2009 Jun 22.
In the present study we provide the first empirical evidence that viscero-sensory feedback from an internal organ is associated with decision-making processes. Participants with accurate vs. poor perception of their heart activity were compared with regard to their performance in the Iowa Gambling Task. During this task, participants have to choose between four card decks. Decks A and B yield high gains and high losses, and if played continuously, result in net loss. In contrast, decks C and D yield small gains and also small losses, but result in net profit if they are selected continuously. Accordingly, participants have to learn to avoid the net loss options in favor of the net gain options. In our study, participants with good cardiac perception chose significantly more of the net gain and fewer of the net loss options. Our findings document the substantial role of visceral feedback in decision-making processes in complex situations.
在本研究中，我们提供了第一个经验证据，证明来自内部器官的内脏感觉反馈与决策过程有关。我们比较了准确感知和不准确感知自身心脏活动的参与者在爱荷华赌博任务中的表现。在这个任务中，参与者必须在四个牌组之间进行选择。牌组 A 和 B 有高收益和高损失，如果连续玩，会导致净损失。相比之下，牌组 C 和 D 的收益和损失都很小，但如果连续选择，会产生净收益。因此，参与者必须学会避免净损失选项，转而选择净收益选项。在我们的研究中，心脏感知良好的参与者明显选择了更多的净收益选项和更少的净损失选项。我们的发现证明了内脏反馈在复杂情况下的决策过程中起着重要作用。
