Hocevar-Boltezar Irena
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2009;121(7-8):276-81. doi: 10.1007/s00508-009-1163-1.
Voice problems are common in occupations with a large voice loading. Clergy are usually classified as professional voice users. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of voice problems in Catholic priests and to identify some of the risk factors for their voice disorders.
Questionnaires were sent to 600 randomly chosen Catholic parish priests and vicars in Slovenia to collect information on the prevalence and causes of voice disorders, vocal load, vocal habits, and certain diseases influencing voice quality. Data were analyzed for a total of 340 priests and in subgroups of priests with frequent voice disorders, priests without voice disorders, and priests over the age of 64.
Overall, 85.6% of the priests reported having voice problems during their career, 15.9 % of them experiencing frequent voice problems. Respiratory-tract infection was the most common cause of the voice problems. The following significant risk factors for frequent voice problems were identified: frequent throat clearing, vocal load during spare time, voice disorders during training and not receiving instruction on correct vocal technique. The priests without voice problems had experienced significantly fewer voice problems during their training and had less frequent throat clearing, less frequent asthma and fewer allergies than the other priests. Being over the age of 64 and teaching more than 10 hours each week were not identified as risk factors for voice disorders.
The prevalence of voice disorders in Catholic priests in Slovenia is high. Respiratory-tract infection is the most common cause of their voice problems. Allergies, frequent throat clearing, not receiving instruction on correct vocal use and vocal hygiene, and a history of voice problems during training were stated as risk factors for voice disorders. In order to decrease the prevalence of voice disorders in priests and in other occupations with a large vocal load, we suggest that an ENT examination before the start of training and the inclusion of information on correct use of the voice and on diseases influencing voice quality should be included as a standard part of the educational process.
嗓音问题在嗓音负荷大的职业中很常见。神职人员通常被归类为专业嗓音使用者。我们研究的目的是调查天主教神父嗓音问题的患病率，并确定其嗓音障碍的一些风险因素。
向斯洛文尼亚随机挑选的600名天主教教区神父和牧师发放问卷，以收集有关嗓音障碍的患病率和原因、嗓音负荷、发声习惯以及影响嗓音质量的某些疾病的信息。对总共340名神父的数据进行了分析，并在嗓音障碍频繁的神父亚组、无嗓音障碍的神父亚组以及64岁以上的神父亚组中进行了分析。
总体而言，85.6%的神父报告在其职业生涯中出现过嗓音问题，其中15.9%的人经常出现嗓音问题。呼吸道感染是嗓音问题最常见的原因。确定了以下频繁出现嗓音问题的重要风险因素：频繁清嗓、业余时间的嗓音负荷、训练期间的嗓音障碍以及未接受正确发声技巧的指导。与其他神父相比，无嗓音问题的神父在训练期间经历的嗓音问题明显更少，清嗓频率更低，哮喘发作频率更低，过敏情况也更少。64岁以上以及每周授课超过10小时未被确定为嗓音障碍的风险因素。
斯洛文尼亚天主教神父嗓音障碍的患病率很高。呼吸道感染是他们嗓音问题最常见的原因。过敏、频繁清嗓、未接受正确发声和嗓音卫生的指导以及训练期间有嗓音问题的病史被认为是嗓音障碍的风险因素。为了降低神父以及其他嗓音负荷大的职业中嗓音障碍的患病率，我们建议在培训开始前进行耳鼻喉科检查，并将正确发声和影响嗓音质量的疾病的相关信息纳入教育过程的标准部分。
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