Smith E, Lemke J, Taylor M, Kirchner H L, Hoffman H
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
J Voice. 1998 Dec;12(4):480-8. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(98)80057-x.
This study describes the frequency of reporting vocal problems among a random sample of elementary and high school teachers (n = 554) compared to individuals working in other occupations (n = 220). Teachers were more likely to define themselves as ever having a voice problem (32% versus. 1%, p < .05); having a tired, weak, or effortful voice (p < .05 each); and having a higher frequency of symptoms of physical discomfort with speaking (p < .05). They also were more likely to perceive that their voice problem negatively affected current job performance (p < .05) and limited options regarding change in work (p < .05). About 20% of teachers but only 4% of nonteachers had missed work due to their voice. These findings suggest that teachers are at high-risk for disability from voice disorders and that this health problem may have significant work-related and economic effects.
本研究描述了从小学和高中教师随机样本（n = 554）与从事其他职业的个体（n = 220）中报告嗓音问题的频率。教师更有可能将自己定义为曾有嗓音问题（32% 对 1%，p < .05）；嗓音疲惫、微弱或费力（每项p < .05）；以及说话时身体不适症状的频率更高（p < .05）。他们也更有可能认为自己的嗓音问题对当前工作表现有负面影响（p < .05），并且限制了工作变动的选择（p < .05）。约20%的教师但只有4%的非教师因嗓音问题而缺勤。这些发现表明，教师因嗓音障碍而致残的风险很高，并且这个健康问题可能会产生重大的工作相关和经济影响。
