Masanović Marija, Sogorić Selma, Kolcić Ivana, Curić Ivo, Smoljanović Ankica, Ramić Senad, Cala Matija, Polasek Ozren
Dubrovnik County Institute for Public Health, Dubrovnik, Croatia.
Coll Antropol. 2009 Apr;33 Suppl 1:147-52.
The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the exceptional longevity patterns in Croatia. The prevalence of nonagenarians (aged 90 years or more) and centenarians (100 years or more) was calculated from the 1953-2001 census data. The data were analyzed with chi-square test and trend analysis. The results indicate steady and significant increasing trends in both age groups, more pronounced in women. Geographical distribution of the exceptional longevity had a clear coastline-to-mainland gradient, with higher prevalence of exceptionally old people in the coastal parts of the country. Additionally, exceptionally old respondents from the Croatian Adult Health Survey (CAHS) were compared to elderly ones (65-89 years old). The results suggested that exceptionally old respondents had lower prevalence of overweight and obesity and lower blood pressure, thus exhibiting strong survivor phenomenon. At the same time, exceptionally old respondents from the CAHS had higher prevalence of confirmed hypertension in medical history and reported taking blood pressure medication more often. The results of this study suggest that the pattern of exceptional longevity in Croatia has a clear coastline-to-mainland gradient, which is likely to be associated with the different lifestyle and dietary patterns between these two populations.
本研究的目的是概述克罗地亚的超长寿命模式。从1953 - 2001年的人口普查数据中计算出九旬老人（90岁及以上）和百岁老人（100岁及以上）的患病率。数据采用卡方检验和趋势分析进行分析。结果表明，两个年龄组均呈现稳定且显著的上升趋势，在女性中更为明显。超长寿命的地理分布呈现出明显的从海岸线到内陆的梯度，该国沿海地区超高龄人群的患病率更高。此外，将克罗地亚成人健康调查（CAHS）中的超高龄受访者与老年人（65 - 89岁）进行了比较。结果表明，超高龄受访者超重和肥胖的患病率较低，血压也较低，因此表现出强烈的幸存者现象。与此同时，CAHS中的超高龄受访者有确诊高血压病史的患病率较高，且报告更经常服用降压药。本研究结果表明，克罗地亚的超长寿命模式具有明显的从海岸线到内陆的梯度，这可能与这两个人口群体不同的生活方式和饮食模式有关。
