Koldsland Odd Carsten, Scheie Anne Aamdal, Aass Anne Merete
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
J Periodontol. 2009 Jul;80(7):1069-75. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.080594.
The objective of this study was to assess the outcome of dental implants inserted at the Institute of Clinical Odontology, University of Oslo, between 1990 and 2005. The prevalence of implant loss and the factors associated with the outcome were studied.
A total of 164 subjects were invited to participate in this cross-sectional project, of whom 55 were unable, leaving 109 volunteers available for examination. The study population included 69 females and 40 males with a mean age of 43.8 years at the time of implant insertion (range, 18 to 80 years). At the subject level, the mean time from implant loading to the present examination was 8.4 years (range, 1.1 to 16.0 years). The participants were examined clinically and radiographically and interviewed regarding general health and habits.
The 109 examined subjects had been treated with 374 implants. Eighteen implants (4.8%) were lost in 10 subjects (9.2%). Eleven implants were lost before loading, three were lost during the first 5 years after loading, and four were lost 5 to 10 years after loading. No implants were lost after >10 years of loading. The loss of oral implants was significantly associated with a history of smoking and periodontitis (P <0.05).
The inserted implants showed a high survival rate, especially after the first year of insertion, even though the subjects were not maintained by specialists. All late implant losses were preceded by an early loss. Implant loss was significantly associated with smoking and periodontitis.
本研究的目的是评估1990年至2005年间在奥斯陆大学临床牙科学研究所植入的牙种植体的预后情况。研究了种植体丢失的发生率以及与预后相关的因素。
共有164名受试者受邀参与这个横断面项目，其中55人无法参与，剩余109名志愿者可供检查。研究人群包括69名女性和40名男性，种植体植入时的平均年龄为43.8岁（范围为18至80岁）。在个体层面，从种植体加载到本次检查的平均时间为8.4年（范围为1.1至16.0年）。对参与者进行了临床和影像学检查，并就其总体健康状况和习惯进行了访谈。
109名接受检查的受试者共接受了374颗种植体治疗。10名受试者（9.2%）的18颗种植体（4.8%）丢失。11颗种植体在加载前丢失，3颗在加载后的前5年内丢失，4颗在加载后5至10年丢失。加载超过10年后无种植体丢失。口腔种植体的丢失与吸烟史和牙周炎显著相关（P<0.05）。
尽管受试者并非由专科医生进行维护，但植入的种植体显示出较高的存活率，尤其是在植入后的第一年之后。所有晚期种植体丢失之前均有早期丢失情况。种植体丢失与吸烟和牙周炎显著相关。
