Bodnaryk R P
Can J Biochem. 1977 May;55(5):534-42. doi: 10.1139/o77-076.
Organophosphate poisoning with malathion caused large increases (up to 125 and 440%, respectively) in the level of cyclic GMP in larvae of Mamestra configurata Wlk. and in the fly Sarcophaga bullata Parker. Cyclic AMP was little affected. The malathion-induced increase in cyclic GMP was time and dose dependent. Time-course studies with the head and thorax of S. bullata demonstrated that the increase in cyclic GMP level occurred precipitously after a lag period of about 1 h, during which time the activity of acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) was progressively inhibited. The abrupt increase in cyclic GMP began when acetylcholinesterase activity had been inhibited to a sufficient extent to permit accumulation of acetylcholine. It is suggested that the accumulation of acetylcholine in the malathion-poisoned insects caused cyclic GMP levels to rise. Cyclic GMP may have a role in cholinergic transmission in normally functioning insect neural tissue. Increased levels of cyclic GMP induced by organophosphate and organocholorine (Bodnaryk, R. P. (1976) Can. J. Biochem. 54, 957-962) insecticides appear to be a vital and previously unrecognized biochemical lesion in insects poisoned by these compounds.
马拉硫磷引起的有机磷中毒导致甜菜夜蛾幼虫和麻蝇体内的环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）水平大幅升高（分别高达125%和440%）。环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）受影响较小。马拉硫磷诱导的cGMP升高具有时间和剂量依赖性。对麻蝇头部和胸部的时间进程研究表明，cGMP水平在约1小时的延迟期后急剧升高，在此期间乙酰胆碱酯酶（EC 3.1.1.7）的活性逐渐受到抑制。当乙酰胆碱酯酶活性被抑制到足以使乙酰胆碱积累的程度时，cGMP开始突然升高。有人认为，马拉硫磷中毒昆虫体内乙酰胆碱的积累导致cGMP水平升高。cGMP可能在正常功能的昆虫神经组织中的胆碱能传递中起作用。有机磷和有机氯杀虫剂（Bodnaryk, R. P. (1976) Can. J. Biochem. 54, 957 - 962）诱导的cGMP水平升高似乎是这些化合物中毒昆虫体内一个至关重要且以前未被认识到的生化损伤。
