Mikkelsen S S, Lindblad B E, Nafei A, Teichert G, Krøner K
Ortopaedkirurgisk afdeling, Arhus Amtssygehus.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Nov 11;153(46):3239-42.
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rate and to determine the etiology and the severity of accidents caused by playground equipment during the period 1.1.1989-31.12.1989 and to compare the results with the study made by Christensen et al (1-3). The number of children aged below 15 years was 42,635. A total of 270 playground accidents were registered, which resulted in an incidence rate of 6.3 per 1,000 children per year. This is a reduction from 9.3 per 1,000 children per year in 1981. The incidence rates between boys and girls were 7.0 and 5.6 per 1,000 children per year, as compared with respectively. The sex ratio for the population studied was 1.31 to 1 as compared with 1.44 to 1 in 1981. The sex ratio in the background population was 1.05 both in 1981 and 1989. The greatest number of accidents were seen in spring, especially in April and May. Swings, climbing frames, slides, playhouses and playcastles were responsible for 80% of the accidents. The etiologies were fall accidents in 211 cases, being caught between two objects in 17 cases, being kit by an object in 21 cases and different causes in 21 cases. The underlying surfaces were sufficiently soft in 24% of the cases. The severity of the injury was classified according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale and was found to be: no lesions 1.1%, minor lesions 70%, moderate lesions 25.1% and severe lesions 3.7%. A total of 17 patients were admitted and of these 13 patients had fractures. The possibilities of reducing the number of injuries resulting from playground equipment are discussed.
本研究的目的是确定1989年1月1日至1989年12月31日期间游乐场设备导致事故的发生率、病因及严重程度，并将结果与克里斯滕森等人（1 - 3）的研究进行比较。15岁以下儿童数量为42,635名。共记录了270起游乐场事故，年发生率为每1000名儿童中有6.3起。这一数字较1981年的每1000名儿童中有9.3起有所下降。男孩和女孩的年发生率分别为每1000名儿童中有7.0起和5.6起。与1981年相比，本研究人群的性别比为1.31比1，而1981年为1.44比1。1981年和1989年背景人群的性别比均为1.05。事故数量最多的季节是春季，尤其是4月和5月。秋千、攀爬架、滑梯、游乐屋和城堡造成了80%的事故。病因方面，211起为摔倒事故，17起为被夹在两个物体之间，21起为被物体撞击，21起为其他不同原因。24%的事故中地面足够柔软。损伤严重程度根据简明损伤分级标准进行分类，结果为：无损伤1.1%，轻度损伤70%，中度损伤25.1%，重度损伤3.7%。共有17名患者入院，其中13名患者发生骨折。文中还讨论了减少游乐场设备导致受伤数量的可能性。
