Spilsbury Karen, Stuttard Lucy, Adamson Joy, Atkin Karl, Borglin Gunilla, McCaughan Dorothy, McKenna Hugh, Wakefield Ann, Carr-Hill Roy
Department of Health Sciences, The University of York, Area 2 Seebohm Rowntree Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
J Nurs Manag. 2009 Jul;17(5):615-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2008.00943.x.
This mapping study describes current or planned introduction of assistant practitioner roles in English National Health Service Acute Hospital Trusts.
In the last decade there has been a growth in nursing support workforce numbers and their scope of practice. An important United Kingdom support worker development is the Assistant Practitioner role.
A national census was carried out (April 2007) via an emailed questionnaire to Directors of Nursing. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Eighty-five per cent (143/168) of Directors of Nursing, from all 10 English Strategic Health Authorities, responded. Forty-six per cent (n = 66) of Trusts had introduced assistant practitioners and 22% (n = 31) were planning to implement the role before 2009. There is wide variation in assistant practitioner numbers across and between Strategic Health Authorities, Trusts and clinical areas. Resistance to the role existed in 32% (n = 46) of Trusts. Reasons for resistance included no perceived need for the role, lack of evidence of effectiveness, financial constraints and professional and patient safety concerns.
These findings, which contribute to the international evidence-base on health care support workers roles, provide nurse managers with numbers of assistant practitioners and their deployment. This is useful for Nurse Managers making workforce decisions.
本映射研究描述了英国国家医疗服务体系急性医院信托机构中当前或计划引入助理执业者角色的情况。
在过去十年中，护理支持人员数量及其执业范围有所增长。英国一项重要的支持人员发展举措是助理执业者角色。
2007年4月通过电子邮件向护理主任发放问卷进行全国普查。定量数据采用描述性统计分析，定性数据采用主题分析。
来自英格兰所有10个战略健康管理局的85%（143/168）的护理主任做出了回应。46%（n = 66）的信托机构已引入助理执业者，22%（n = 31）计划在2009年前实施该角色。战略健康管理局、信托机构和临床领域之间及内部的助理执业者数量差异很大。32%（n = 46）的信托机构存在对该角色的抵制。抵制原因包括认为没有该角色的需求、缺乏有效性证据、资金限制以及专业和患者安全方面的担忧。
这些发现为国际上关于医疗保健支持人员角色的证据库做出了贡献，为护士长提供了助理执业者的数量及其配置情况。这对护士长做出人员配置决策很有用。
