Pelser Colleen, Dazzi Carmelo, Graubard Barry I, Lauria Carmela, Vitale Francesco, Goedert James J
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2009 Aug;19(8):597-601. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.04.002.
Before AIDS, endemic (African) Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was noted to occur in volcanic areas and was postulated to result from dirt chronically embedded in the skin of the lower extremities. The primary cause of all KS types is KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, but cofactors contribute to the neoplasia. We investigated whether residential exposure to volcanic or related soils was associated with the risk of classic Kaposi sarcoma (cKS) in Sicily.
Risk of incident cKS (N=141) compared with population-based KSHV seropositive controls (N=123) was estimated for residential exposure to four types of soil, categorized with maps from the European Soil Database and direct surveying. Questionnaire data provided covariates.
Residents in communities high in luvisols were approximately 2.7 times more likely to have cKS than those in communities with no luvisols. Risk was not specific for cKS on the limbs, but it was elevated approximately four- to five-fold with frequent bathing or tap water drinking in communities with high luvisols. Risk was unrelated to communities high in andosols, tephra, or clay soils.
Iron and alumino-silicate clay, major components of luvisols, may increase cKS risk, but formal investigation and consideration of other soil types and exposures are needed.
在艾滋病出现之前，人们注意到地方性（非洲）卡波西肉瘤（KS）发生在火山地区，并推测是由于下肢皮肤长期嵌入污垢所致。所有类型KS的主要病因是与KS相关的疱疹病毒（KSHV）感染，但辅助因素也会促进肿瘤形成。我们调查了西西里岛居民接触火山土壤或相关土壤是否与经典卡波西肉瘤（cKS）风险有关。
根据欧洲土壤数据库的地图和直接调查，将居民接触的土壤分为四类，估计了141例cKS发病风险与123例基于人群的KSHV血清阳性对照相比的情况。问卷数据提供了协变量。
高淋溶土社区的居民患cKS的可能性比无淋溶土社区的居民高约2.7倍。风险并非特定于四肢的cKS，但在高淋溶土社区，频繁洗澡或饮用自来水会使风险升高约四至五倍。风险与高火山灰土壤、火山灰或粘土土壤的社区无关。
淋溶土的主要成分铁和铝硅酸盐粘土可能会增加cKS风险，但需要进行正式调查并考虑其他土壤类型和接触情况。
