Friedman Ronald S, McCarthy Denis M, Pedersen Sarah L, Hicks Joshua A
Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2009 Jun;23(2):329-33. doi: 10.1037/a0015704.
According to information-processing models of alcohol use, alcohol expectancies constitute representations in long-term memory that may be activated in the presence of drinking-related cues, thereby influencing alcohol consumption. A fundamental implication of this approach is that primed expectancies should affect drinking only for those individuals who possess the specific expectancies primed. To test this notion, in the present study, participants were initially assessed on 3 distinct domains of positive alcohol expectancies. Approximately 1 week later, they completed an ad libitum drinking study during which only a single expectancy domain (sociability) was primed in the experimental condition. Consistent with predictions, following exposure to sociability primes but not control primes, individuals with stronger expectancies that alcohol would enhance sociability uniquely showed increased placebo consumption of nonalcoholic beer. These results, which demonstrate the moderating role of compatibility between the specific content of primes and that of underlying expectancies, offer new, direct support for memory network-based models of drinking behavior.
根据酒精使用的信息处理模型，酒精预期构成了长期记忆中的表征，在与饮酒相关的线索出现时可能被激活，从而影响酒精消费。这种方法的一个基本含义是，启动的预期应该只对那些拥有启动的特定预期的个体的饮酒产生影响。为了验证这一观点，在本研究中，参与者最初在积极酒精预期的3个不同领域接受评估。大约1周后，他们完成了一项随意饮酒研究，在此期间，在实验条件下仅启动了一个预期领域（社交性）。与预测一致，在接触社交性启动因素而非对照启动因素后，那些更强烈预期酒精会增强社交性的个体，独特地表现出非酒精啤酒的安慰剂消费量增加。这些结果表明了启动因素的特定内容与潜在预期内容之间的兼容性所起的调节作用，为基于记忆网络的饮酒行为模型提供了新的直接支持。
