Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, PO Box 85.060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Clin Oral Investig. 2010 Aug;14(4):467-77. doi: 10.1007/s00784-009-0308-y. Epub 2009 Jul 10.
This study aims to identify distinctive dentofacial characteristics of hypodontia patients. For this purpose, 189 young hypodontia patients (cases) were divided into subgroups, based on criteria from literature. Normalised differences between cases and controls were calculated for various parameters of dentofacial form. Subsequently, cluster analysis was applied to disclose subsets of hypodontia patients with distinctive dentofacial features. The ANB angle, interincisal angle and lower anterior face height were consistently significantly different amongst the subsets. Four clusters of patients with an increasing number of missing teeth and distinctive dentofacial characteristics could be identified. Patients in cluster 1 display a high-angle facial pattern. Patients in clusters 2 and 3 exhibit markable dentoalveolar characteristics (a relatively small and a large interincisal angle, respectively). Patients in cluster 4 exhibited notable sagittal-skeletal discriminative features predominantly because of a retrognathic maxilla. The smallest nasolabial angle and lower anterior face height were seen in this cluster. It is concluded that the anterior-posterior relationship between the jaws, the interincisal angle and the lower anterior face height are discriminative parameters of dentofacial form in hypodontia patients. Patients with hypodontia can be clustered in four groups, each with distinctive vertical-skeletal, dentoalveolar and sagittal-skeletal characteristics. This categorisation of patients with hypodontia into meaningful groups may be useful for treatment planning, interdisciplinary communication and as a means of identifying groups of patients that qualify for reimbursement of costs. Other dental factors should be appreciated as well during restorative clinical decision making in patients with hypodontia.
本研究旨在确定先天性缺牙患者的独特面型特征。为此，根据文献标准，将 189 名年轻的先天性缺牙患者（病例）分为亚组。计算了面型各参数的病例与对照组之间的标准化差值。随后，应用聚类分析揭示具有独特面型特征的先天性缺牙患者亚组。ANB 角、中切牙角和下前面高在亚组间始终存在显著差异。可识别出具有不同缺失牙数和独特面型特征的 4 组患者。第 1 组患者表现为高角面型。第 2 组和第 3 组患者表现出明显的牙牙槽特征（中切牙角相对较小和较大）。第 4 组患者表现出明显的矢状-骨骼鉴别特征，主要是因为上颌后缩。该组患者的最小鼻唇角和下前面高。结论：颌骨的前后关系、中切牙角和下前面高是先天性缺牙患者面型的鉴别参数。先天性缺牙患者可以分为 4 组，每组具有独特的垂直骨骼、牙牙槽和矢状骨骼特征。这种将先天性缺牙患者分类为有意义的组的方法可用于治疗计划、跨学科交流以及确定有资格报销费用的患者群体。在对先天性缺牙患者进行修复临床决策时，还应考虑其他牙科因素。
