Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Akdeniz, Antalya, Turkey.
Angle Orthod. 2013 Jul;83(4):584-90. doi: 10.2319/091012-722.1. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
To evaluate the effects of severity and location of nonsyndromic hypodontia on craniofacial morphology.
A total of 154 patients with at least two or more congenitally missing teeth were selected and divided into two groups (group I [mild]: patients with two to five missing teeth; group II [severe]: patients with six or more missing teeth). The patients with hypodontia were divided into three groups according to the location of missing teeth in the dental arches (anterior, posterior, and both anterior and posterior) and location of missing teeth between the jaws (maxilla, mandible, and both maxilla and mandible). Fifty Class I patients without any missing teeth served as the control group. Twenty-one measurements were performed on lateral cephalograms. Intergroup differences for the severity and location of hypodontia were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey tests.
Significant decreases were found in mandibular plane angles (P < .05), upper and lower incisor measurements (P < .05), anterior (P < .001) and posterior (P < .05) face heights, and ramus height (P < .01), as well as a significant increase in the soft tissue convexity angle (P < .05) among the hypodontia groups and control group. These differences were more excessive in the severe hypodontia group. Upper lip-E plane measurements were significantly longer in the mandible group than in the maxilla group (P < .01).
Patients with congenitally missing teeth have different craniofacial morphologies. The severity and location of missing teeth have a significant effect.
评估非综合征性缺牙的严重程度和部位对颅面形态的影响。
共选择了 154 名至少有两颗先天性缺牙的患者，并将其分为两组（I 组[轻度]：缺牙 2 至 5 颗的患者；II 组[重度]：缺牙 6 颗或更多的患者）。根据缺牙在牙弓中的位置（前牙、后牙和前牙和后牙）和颌骨中的位置（上颌、下颌和上颌和下颌），将缺牙患者分为三组。50 名无缺牙的 I 类患者作为对照组。在侧位头颅侧位片上进行了 21 项测量。采用方差分析（ANOVA）和事后 Tukey 检验分析缺牙严重程度和部位的组间差异。
在下颌平面角（P<.05）、上下切牙测量值（P<.05）、前（P<.001）和后（P<.05）面高、以及下颌升支高度（P<.01）方面，缺牙组和对照组均发现显著下降，同时软组织凸角（P<.05）也显著增加。重度缺牙组的这些差异更为明显。下颌组的上唇-E 平面测量值明显长于上颌组（P<.01）。
先天性缺牙患者具有不同的颅面形态。缺牙的严重程度和部位有显著影响。
