Lisson Jörg A, Scholtes Sandra
Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
J Orofac Orthop. 2005 May;66(3):197-207. doi: 10.1007/s00056-005-0437-0.
This cephalometric study was performed with the intention to qualify and quantify differences between the craniofacial morphology in persons with congenitally missing teeth (hypo- and oligodontia) in comparison with the craniofacial morphology in persons without missing teeth.
Lateral cephalograms of 42 (21 female, 21 male) patients were traced. Patient mean age at the time the radiographs were taken was 13.39+/-7.30 years. The sample was divided into two groups: There were 22 patients in the oligodontia group (11 f, 11 m). The group of those with hypodontia contained 20 persons (10 f, 10 m). The growth study by Riolo et al. served as the control.
Patients with congenitally missing teeth compared to those with complete dentition showed reduced maxillary and mandibular length (p<0.001). The mandible was prognathic, the chin positioned more anteriorly (angleSNB p<0.05, angleSNPog p<0.01). The overall anterior face height was noticeably lower as a result of the shortening of both upper anterior and lower anterior face heights (p<0.001). Comparison between patients with oligodontia and those with hypodontia revealed statistically significant differences in only two dentoalveolar measurements.
There were significant morphologic differences between patients with congenitally missing teeth and patients with complete dentition. Additional differentiation between oligodontia and hypodontia revealed only few differences.
进行这项头影测量研究的目的是确定并量化先天性缺牙（少牙症和缺牙症）患者与无牙缺失患者颅面形态之间的差异。
对42例患者（21名女性，21名男性）的侧位头影图进行了描图。拍摄X线片时患者的平均年龄为13.39±7.30岁。样本分为两组：少牙症组有22例患者（11名女性，11名男性）。缺牙症组有20人（10名女性，10名男性）。以里奥洛等人的生长研究作为对照。
与牙列完整的患者相比，先天性缺牙患者的上颌骨和下颌骨长度减小（p<0.001）。下颌前突，颏部位置更靠前（SNB角p<0.05，SNPog角p<0.01）。由于上、下前部面高均缩短，整体前部面高明显降低（p<0.001）。少牙症患者与缺牙症患者之间的比较仅在两项牙槽测量中显示出统计学上的显著差异。
先天性缺牙患者与牙列完整患者之间存在显著的形态学差异。少牙症和缺牙症之间的进一步区分仅显示出很少的差异。
