Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2010 Jun;16(3):397-405. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2009.0185.
Tension is a principal force experienced by skin and serves a critical role in growth and development. Optimal tension application regimens may be an important component for skin tissue engineering and dermatogenesis. In this study, we designed and tested a novel servo-controlled skin-stretching device to apply predetermined tension and waveforms in mice. The effects of static and cyclical stretching forces were compared in 48 mice by measuring epidermal proliferation, angiogenesis, cutaneous perfusion, and principal growth factors using immunohistochemistry, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and hyperspectral imaging. All stretched samples had upregulated epidermal proliferation and angiogenesis. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor beta1, and nerve growth factor demonstrated greater expression in cyclically stretched skin when compared to static stretch. Hypoxia-induced factor 1alpha was significantly upregulated in cyclically stretched skin, but poststretch analysis demonstrated well-oxygenated tissue, collectively suggesting the presence of transient hypoxia. Waveform-specific mechanical loads may accelerate tissue growth by mechanotransduction and as a result of repeated cycles of temporary hypoxia. Further analysis of mechanotransduction signaling pathways may provide additional insight to improve skin tissue engineering methods and optimize our device.
张力是皮肤所经历的主要力量，在生长和发育中起着关键作用。最佳的张力施加方案可能是皮肤组织工程和皮肤发生的一个重要组成部分。在这项研究中，我们设计并测试了一种新型的伺服控制皮肤拉伸装置，以在小鼠中施加预定的张力和波形。通过免疫组织化学、实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应和高光谱成像，比较了 48 只小鼠中静态和周期性拉伸力的效果。所有拉伸样本的表皮增殖和血管生成均上调。与静态拉伸相比，表皮生长因子、转化生长因子β1 和神经生长因子的实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应显示，周期性拉伸皮肤中的表达更高。缺氧诱导因子 1α 在周期性拉伸的皮肤中显著上调，但拉伸后分析显示组织氧合良好，这表明存在短暂的缺氧。波形特异性机械负荷可能通过机械转导和反复短暂缺氧循环加速组织生长。对机械转导信号通路的进一步分析可能为改善皮肤组织工程方法和优化我们的设备提供更多的见解。
