Klingenberg Christian Peter
Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
Evol Dev. 2009 Jul-Aug;11(4):405-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2009.00347.x.
Identifying the modular components of a configuration of landmarks is an important task of morphometric analyses in evolutionary developmental biology. Modules are integrated internally by many interactions among their component parts, but are linked to one another only by few or weak interactions. Accordingly, traits within modules are tightly correlated with each other, but relatively independent of traits in other modules. Hypotheses concerning the boundaries of modules in a landmark configuration can therefore be tested by comparing the strength of covariation among alternative partitions of the configuration into subsets of landmarks. If a subdivision coincides with the true boundaries between modules, the correlations among subsets should be minimal. This article introduces Escoufier's RV coefficient and the multi-set RV coefficient as measures of the correlation between two or more subsets of landmarks. These measures can be compared between alternative partitions of the configuration into subsets. Because developmental interactions are tissue bound, it is sensible to require that modules should be spatially contiguous. I propose a criterion for spatial contiguity for sets of landmarks using an adjacency graph. The new methods are demonstrated with data on shape of the wing in Drosophila melanogaster and the mandible of the house mouse.
识别地标配置的模块化组件是进化发育生物学中形态计量分析的一项重要任务。模块在其组成部分之间通过许多相互作用在内部整合，但彼此之间仅通过很少或微弱的相互作用相连。因此，模块内的性状彼此紧密相关，但相对独立于其他模块中的性状。因此，关于地标配置中模块边界的假设可以通过比较配置划分为地标子集的替代分区之间的协变强度来进行检验。如果一个细分与模块之间的真实边界一致，那么子集之间的相关性应该最小。本文介绍了埃斯库菲耶的RV系数和多集RV系数，作为地标两个或更多子集之间相关性的度量。这些度量可以在配置划分为子集的替代分区之间进行比较。由于发育相互作用是受组织限制的，要求模块在空间上相邻是合理的。我使用邻接图提出了一种地标集空间邻接的标准。通过黑腹果蝇翅膀形状和家鼠下颌的数据展示了这些新方法。
